Molecular identification of the most frequent pathotypes of in calves with diarrhoea in the Cajamarca region of Peru.

Background: Colibacillosis caused by causes significant economic losses in the livestock sector worldwide and is one of the calves' leading causes of diarrhea.

Aim: This study aimed to identify the most frequent molecularly pathotypes in calves with diarrhea in six provinces of the Cajamarca region in the northern highlands of Peru.

Methods: Twenty-eight herds of dairy cattle under a semi-intensive rearing system were evaluated; 95 samples were isolated from calves with diarrhea up to the first month of life, 62 males and 33 females, during the rainy season.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in Arteriovenous (AV) Graft Implantation Through End-to-Side Anastomosis with Varying Tube Diameters Across Different Vascular Access Locations for Dialysis Treatment.

Arteriovenous (AV) graft is a procedure for hemodialysis performed in the arm. Optimizing AV graft design is vital to enhance haemodialytic efficiency in patients with kidney disease. Despite being a standard procedure, making it work optimally is still difficult due to various graft diameters and anastomosis configurations, which have limited studies.

[F]F-AraG Uptake in Vertebral Bone Marrow May Predict Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Anti-PD-(L)1 Immunotherapy.

Despite the systemic impact of both cancer and the associated immune response, immuno-PET is predominantly centered on assessment of the immune milieu within the tumor microenvironment. The aim of this study was to assess the value of [F]F-AraG PET imaging as a noninvasive method for evaluation of system-wide immune status of patients with non-small cell lung cancer before starting immunotherapy. Eleven patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were imaged with [F]F-AraG before starting immunotherapy.

Fluid-Infiltrated Metalens-Driven Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Optical Wireless Communications.

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), a leading-edge technology, represents a new paradigm for adaptive control of electromagnetic waves between a source and a user. While RIS technology has proven effective in manipulating radio frequency waves using passive elements such as diodes and MEMS, its application in the optical domain is challenging. The main difficulty lies in meeting key performance indicators, with the most critical being accurate and self-adjusting positioning.

Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis of Fruit Metabolites Suggest Anxiety Modulation through Glutamatergic Pathways.

The fruit of , also known as the noni tree, has been extensively used in Polynesian culture as an alternative medicine to various diseases. Recent studies have pointed out its anxiolytic activity in vitro and in mouse models. Despite the effectiveness of developed anxiolytic drugs in the market, the potential side effects of these medications have led people to resort to traditional medicine such as However, evidence regarding its anti-anxiety characteristics is still lacking to this day.

Gold Nanoparticles Modulate Excimer and Exciplex Dynamics of PDDCP-Conjugated Polymers.

How plasmonic nanostructures modulate the behavior of exciplexes and excimers within materials remains unclear. Thus, advanced knowledge is essential to bridge this gap for the development of optoelectronic devices that leverage the interplay between plasmonic and conjugated polymer hybrid materials. Herein, this work aims to explore the role of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in modulating exciplex and excimer states within the conjugated polymer poly(2,5-di(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy) cyanoterephthalylidene) (PDDCP), known for its photoluminescent and semi-conductive properties, aiming to create innovative composite materials with tailored optical features.

Network Pharmacology Reveals Roxb. Regulates MAPK and HIF-1 Pathways to Treat Androgenetic Alopecia.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent hair loss disorder worldwide, driven by excessive sensitivity or response to androgen. Herbal extracts, such as Roxb., have shown promise in AGA treatment due to their anti-androgenic activities and hair growth effects.

Fluid-responsive tunable metasurfaces for high-fidelity optical wireless communication.

Optical wireless communication (OWC), with its blazing data transfer speed and unparalleled security, is a futuristic technology for wireless connectivity. Despite the significant advancements in OWC, the realization of tunable devices for on-demand and versatile connectivity still needs to be explored. This presents a considerable limitation in utilizing adaptive technologies to improve signal directivity and optimize data transfer.

The origin of ovarian Leydig cells: a possibly solved enigma?

Over the years, the origin of ovarian Leydig cells has been, and still is, a topic subject to deep debate. Seven years ago, we proposed that this origin resided in intraneural elements that came from a possible reservoir of neural crest cells, a reservoir that may be located in the ganglia of the celiac plexus. We believe we have found the evidence necessary to prove this hypothesis.

[F]F-AraG imaging reveals association between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue.

Brown and brown-like adipose tissues have attracted significant attention for their role in metabolism and therapeutic potential in diabetes and obesity. Despite compelling evidence of an interplay between adipocytes and lymphocytes, the involvement of these tissues in immune responses remains largely unexplored. This study explicates a newfound connection between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue.

Optical thickness measurement of occluded samples by lens-less Fourier transform digital holography, thermal loading, and machine learning.

Thickness measurements of objects, especially transparent and semi-transparent objects, are essential for their characterization and identification. However, in the case of occluded objects, the optical thickness determination becomes difficult, and an indirect way must be devised. Thermal loading of the objects changes their opto-thermal properties, which will be reflected as a change in their optical thickness.

Measuring the linear optical absorption coefficient by interferometry and the thermal lensing effect: a numerical analysis.

We report on a pump-probe thermal lensing method for measuring the linear absorption coefficient of liquids by using interferometry and numerical analysis. The method is based on interferograms generated when a localized photothermal effect is induced in the sample. The photothermal effect itself is induced by a pump beam impinging on a sample located on-axis of the probe beam, which is one of the paths of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

Z-scan model for Laguerre-Gaussian excitation in mode-mismatched thermal lens spectrometry.

In this work, we have introduced a Z-scan thermal lens (TL) model based on Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) 10 laser induced excitation in a mode-mismatched dual-beam configuration. The analytical expression of the TL signal and its dependence on sample to detector distance as well as the Z-scan have been derived. The theoretical analysis shows that the phase shift and TL signal are higher than the values obtained using an excitation with the Gaussian profile.

Thermal lensing approach based on parabolic approximation and Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

A thermal lensing approach based on parabolic approximation and Mach-Zehnder interferometer for measuring optical absorption and thermal diffusivity coefficients in pure solvents is described in this work. The approach combines the sensitivity of both thermal lensing methods and interferometry techniques. The photothermal effect is induced by a pump laser beam generating localized changes in the refractive index of the sample, which are observed as a shift in phase of the interference pattern.

Measuring Thermal Diffusivity of Azoheteroarene Thin Layers by Photothermal Beam Deflection and Photothermal Lens Methods.

Measurement of thermal properties of thin films is challenging. In particular, thermal characterization is very difficult in semi-transparent samples. Here, we use two photothermal methods to obtain information about the thermal diffusivity as well as thermal conductivity of azoheteroarene functionalized polymer thin layers.

The phase range extension and accuracy improvement in Fresnel biprism-based digital holography microscopy.

We report a highly stable and affordable dual-wavelength digital holographic microscopy system based on common-path geometry. A Fresnel biprism is used to create an off-axis geometry, and two diode laser sources with different wavelengths λ1 = 532 nm and λ2 = 650 nm generate the dual-wavelength compound hologram. In order to extend the measurement range, the phase distribution is obtained using a synthetic wavelength Λ1 = 2930.

DNA-Directed Protein Anchoring on Oligo/Alkanethiol-Coated Gold Nanoparticles: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing Applications.

Herein, we report on a smart biosensing platform that exploits gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized through ssDNA self-assembled monolayers (SAM) and the DNA-directed immobilization (DDI) of DNA-protein conjugates; a novel, high-sensitivity optical characterization technique based on a miniaturized gel electrophoresis chip integrated with online thermal lens spectrometry (MGEC-TLS), for the high-sensitivity detection of antigen binding events. Specifically, we characterized the physicochemical properties of 20 nm AuNPs covered with mixed SAMs of thiolated single-stranded DNA and bio-repellent molecules, referred to as top-terminated oligo-ethylene glycol (TOEG6), demonstrating high colloidal stability, optimal binder surface density, and proper hybridization capacity. Further, to explore the design in the frame of cancer-associated antigen detection, complementary ssDNA fragments conjugated with a nanobody, called C8, were loaded on the particles and employed to detect the presence of the HER2-ECD antigen in liquid.

Glomerulonephritis Secondary to Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia that Resolved after Induction Therapy.

The association of glomerulonephritis and malignant hematological disease is uncommon, but well known in chronic leukemias, lymphomas, and monoclonal gammopathies. However, only a few cases of glomerulonephritis and acute myeloid leukemia have been reported in the literature. We describe the first case of a genetically diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia presenting with nephrotic range proteinuria that resolved with induction therapy with ATRA and ATO and performed a comprehensive review of the literature.

Synthesis and Characterization of MWCNT-COOH/FeO and CNT-COOH/FeO/NiO Nanocomposites: Assessment of Adsorption and Photocatalytic Performance.

In this study the adsorption and photodegradation capabilities of modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), using tartrazine as a model pollutant, is demonstrated. MWCNT-COOH/FeO and MWCNT-COOH/FeO/NiO nanocomposites were prepared by precipitation of metal oxides in the presence of MWCNTs. Their properties were examined by X-ray diffraction in powder (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron-based Scanning PhotoElectron Microscopy (SPEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis.

Through-Plane and In-Plane Thermal Diffusivity Determination of Graphene Nanoplatelets by Photothermal Beam Deflection Spectrometry.

In this work, in-plane and through-plane thermal diffusivities and conductivities of a freestanding sheet of graphene nanoplatelets are determined using photothermal beam deflection spectrometry. Two experimental methods were employed in order to observe the effect of load pressures on the thermal diffusivity and conductivity of the materials. The in-plane thermal diffusivity was determined by the use of a slope method supported by a new theoretical model, whereas the through-plane thermal diffusivity was determined by a frequency scan method in which the obtained data were processed with a specifically developed least-squares data processing algorithm.

Online electrophoretic nanoanalysis using miniaturized gel electrophoresis and thermal lens microscopy detection.

Online thermal lens microscopy (TLM) coupled with gel electrophoresis (GE) can represent a powerful tool for separating and detecting a wide range of biomaterials. Unlike slab gel electrophoresis (SGE), the proposed method does not require prolonged procedure between separation and detection. In this work, we developed an online monitoring GE system to separate and detect nanosized materials.

Non-topographic current contrast in scanning field emission microscopy.

In scanning field emission microscopy (SFEM), a tip (the source) is approached to few (or a few tens of) nanometres distance from a surface (the collector) and biased to field-emit electrons. In a previous study (Zanin 2016 , 20160475. (doi:10.