Development and Validation of an AI-Based Multimodal Model for Pathological Staging of Gastric Cancer Using CT and Endoscopic Images.

Rationale And Objectives: Accurate preoperative pathological staging of gastric cancer is crucial for optimal treatment selection and improved patient outcomes. Traditional imaging methods such as CT and endoscopy have limitations in staging accuracy.

Methods: This retrospective study included 691 gastric cancer patients treated from March 2017 to March 2024.

An antibody cocktail targeting two different CD73 epitopes enhances enzyme inhibition and tumor control.

CD73, an ectoenzyme responsible for adenosine production, is often elevated in immuno-suppressive tumor environments. Inhibition of CD73 activity holds great promise as a therapeutic strategy for CD73-expressing cancers. In this study, we have developed a therapeutic anti-human CD73 antibody cocktail, HB0045.

Cardiovascular Events Associated with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: A Safety Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and a Pharmacovigilance Study of the FAERS Database.

Background: CDK4/6 inhibitors are highly valued, but the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors is not clear.

Objective: Our aim was therefore to assess the risk of developing CVAEs associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors, by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), along with a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods: Eligible CVAEs were extracted from the ClinicalTrials.

Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide 2 May Be Associated With Decreased M1 Macrophage Production and Increased Histologic and Biomechanical Tendon-Bone Healing Properties in a Rat Rotator Cuff Tear Model.

Purpose: To explore the potential of growth hormone-releasing peptide 2 (GHRP-2) for tendon-bone healing in a rat rotator cuff tear (RCT) model.

Methods: The impact of GHRP-2 on M1 macrophage polarization in vitro was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. GHRP-2 was then applied in a rat RCT model, and the healing of the tendon-bone interface was systemically evaluated by histologic staining, radiologic assessments, gait analysis, and biomechanical tests.

Local CpG- siRNA treatment improves antitumor effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has significantly benefited patients with several types of solid tumors and some lymphomas. However, many of the treated patients do not have a durable clinical response. It has been demonstrated that rescuing exhausted CD8 T cells is required for ICB-mediated antitumor effects.

Development and Application of High-Internal-Phase Water-in-Oil Emulsions Using Amphiphilic Nanoparticle-Based Emulsifiers.

High-internal-phase water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions generated in situ have garnered considerable attention as novel profile control systems. However, conventional emulsifiers are unreactive and poorly dispersed in water, necessitating large dosages and resulting in poor injectivity. In this study, we synthesized amphiphilic nanoparticles (SiO-NH-DAC NPs) containing amine and long-chain alkyl groups using a one-pot method and investigated the stabilized emulsion properties.

Circulating Tumor DNA in Conjunctival Melanoma: Landscape and Surveillance Value.

Purpose: To evaluate the surveillance value of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for detecting distant metastasis and indicating systemic therapeutic efficacy in conjunctival melanoma (CoM).

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Methods: From July 2021 to June 2023, 30 CoM patients in our center underwent plasma ctDNA assessment, out of which 12 individuals presented with distant metastases.

Sintilimab combined with anlotinib and chemotherapy as second-line or later therapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a phase II clinical trial.

Treatment options for patients with relapsed extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) remain scarce. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining anlotinib and sintilimab plus chemotherapy as a second line or later therapy for ES-SCLC patients. This is a phase II clinical trial (ChiCTR2100049390) conducting at Shandong Cancer Hospital.

Utility of Chimeric Mice with Humanized Livers for Predicting Hepatic Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide 1B-Mediated Clinical Drug-Drug Interactions.

The influence of transporters on the pharmacokinetics of drugs is being increasingly recognized, and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) via modulation of transporters could lead to clinical adverse events. Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B (OATP1B) is a liver-specific uptake transporter in humans that can transport a broad range of substrates, including statins. It is a challenge to predict OATP1B-mediated DDIs using preclinical animal models because of species differences in substrate specificity and abundance levels of transporters.

Effect of Stroke Etiology on Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar-Artery Occlusion: A Post Hoc Analysis of the ATTENTION Randomized Trial.

Background: Stroke etiology could influence the outcomes in patients with basilar-artery occlusion (BAO). This study aimed to evaluate the differences in efficacy and safety of best medical treatment (BMT) plus endovascular treatment (EVT) versus BMT alone in acute BAO across different stroke etiologies.

Methods: The study was a post hoc analysis of the ATTENTION trial (Trial of Endovascular Treatment of Acute Basilar-Artery Occlusion), which was a multicenter, randomized trial at 36 centers in China from February 2021 to September 2022.

Anti-tumor efficacy of HRS-4642 and its potential combination with proteasome inhibition in KRAS G12D-mutant cancer.

KRAS G12D is the most frequently mutated oncogenic KRAS subtype in solid tumors and remains undruggable in clinical settings. Here, we developed a high affinity, selective, long-acting, and non-covalent KRAS G12D inhibitor, HRS-4642, with an affinity constant of 0.083 nM.

Bottlebrush Polyethylene Glycol Nanocarriers Translocate across Human Airway Epithelium via Molecular Architecture-Enhanced Endocytosis.

Pulmonary drug delivery is critical for the treatment of respiratory diseases. However, the human airway surface presents multiple barriers to efficient drug delivery. Here, we report a bottlebrush poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-BB) nanocarrier that can translocate across all barriers within the human airway surface.

Lower Reoperation Rate and Superior Patient-Reported Outcome Following Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair With Concomitant Acromioplasty: An Updated Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: To systematically assess the postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs with or without concomitant acromioplasty through a rigorous systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: This systematic review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, aimed to identify RCTs comparing clinical outcomes of patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with acromioplasty versus those without at a minimum 12-month follow-up. Databases searched included PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library.

Intensive Ambulance-Delivered Blood-Pressure Reduction in Hyperacute Stroke.

Background: Treatment of acute stroke, before a distinction can be made between ischemic and hemorrhagic types, is challenging. Whether very early blood-pressure control in the ambulance improves outcomes among patients with undifferentiated acute stroke is uncertain.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with suspected acute stroke that caused a motor deficit and with elevated systolic blood pressure (≥150 mm Hg), who were assessed in the ambulance within 2 hours after the onset of symptoms, to receive immediate treatment to lower the systolic blood pressure (target range, 130 to 140 mm Hg) (intervention group) or usual blood-pressure management (usual-care group).

Plaque Ruptures Are Related to High Plaque Stress and Strain Conditions: Direct Verification by Using In Vivo OCT Rupture Data and FSI Models.

Background: While it has been hypothesized that high plaque stress and strain may be related to plaque rupture, its direct verification using in vivo coronary plaque rupture data and full 3-dimensional fluid-structure interaction models is lacking in the current literature due to difficulty in obtaining in vivo plaque rupture imaging data from patients with acute coronary syndrome. This case-control study aims to use high-resolution optical coherence tomography-verified in vivo plaque rupture data and 3-dimensional fluid-structure interaction models to seek direct evidence for the high plaque stress/strain hypothesis.

Methods: In vivo coronary plaque optical coherence tomography data (5 ruptured plaques, 5 no-rupture plaques) were acquired from patients using a protocol approved by the local institutional review board with informed consent obtained.

Enantioselective synthesis of chiral α,α-dialkyl indoles and related azoles by cobalt-catalyzed hydroalkylation and regioselectivity switch.

General, catalytic and enantioselective construction of chiral α,α-dialkyl indoles represents an important yet challenging objective to be developed. Herein we describe a cobalt catalyzed enantioselective anti-Markovnikov alkene hydroalkylation via the remote stereocontrol for the synthesis of α,α-dialkyl indoles and other N-heterocycles. This asymmetric C(sp)-C(sp) coupling features high flexibility in introducing a diverse set of alkyl groups at the α-position of chiral N-heterocycles.

Sequential CD7 CAR T-Cell Therapy and Allogeneic HSCT without GVHD Prophylaxis.

Background: Patients with relapsed or refractory hematologic cancers have a poor prognosis. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy as a bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) has the potential for long-term tumor elimination. However, pre-HSCT myeloablation and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis agents have toxic effects and could eradicate residual CAR T cells and compromise antitumor effects.