Evaluation of the Metabolite Profile of Fish Oil Omega-3 Fatty Acids (n-3 FAs) in Micellar and Enteric-Coated Forms-A Randomized, Cross-Over Human Study.

This study evaluated the differences in the metabolite profile of three n-3 FA fish oil formulations in 12 healthy participants: (1) standard softgels (STD) providing 600 mg n-3 FA; (2) enteric-coated softgels (ENT) providing 600 mg n-3 FA; (3) a new micellar formulation (LMF) providing 374 mg n-3 FA. The pharmacokinetics (PKs), such as the area under the plot of plasma concentration (AUC), and the peak blood concentration (C) of the different FA metabolites including HDHAs, HETEs, HEPEs, RvD1, RvD5, RvE1, and RvE2, were determined over a total period of 24 h. Blood concentrations of EPA (26,920.

Decomposing and simplifying the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool-a module from the Taiwan-specific calculator.

The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®) is a widely utilized country-specific calculator for identifying individuals with high fracture risk; its score is calculated from 12 variables, but its formulation is not publicly disclosed. We aimed to decompose and simplify the FRAX® by utilizing a nationwide community survey database as a reference module for creating a local assessment tool for osteoporotic fracture community screening in any country. Participants ( = 16384; predominantly women (75%); mean age = 64.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker profiling of diverse pathophysiological domains in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: While Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined by amyloid-β plaques and tau tangles in the brain, it is evident that many other pathophysiological processes such as inflammation, neurovascular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and metabolic derangements also contribute to the disease process and that varying contributions of these pathways may reflect the heterogeneity of AD. Here, we used a previously validated panel of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers to explore the degree to which different pathophysiological domains are dysregulated in AD and how they relate to each other.

Methods: Twenty-five CSF biomarkers were analyzed in individuals with a clinical diagnosis of AD verified by positive CSF AD biomarkers (AD, = 54) and cognitively unimpaired controls negative for CSF AD biomarkers (CU-N, = 26) using commercial single- and multi-plex immunoassays.

UB-612 pan-SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity-promoting vaccine protects against COVID-19 moderate-severe disease.

UB-612 pan-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine targets the monomeric Spike S1-receptor binding domain (RBD) subunit protein along with five sequence-conserved T cell epitopes found on Spike S2 and non-Spike M and N proteins. UB-612 vaccination safely induces potent, broad, and long-lasting immunity against SARS-CoV-2. A phase-2 trial-extended observational study during the Omicron BA.

Efficacy evaluation of a bivalent subunit vaccine against classical swine fever virus and porcine circovirus type 2.

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) are two of the most devastating and economically significant pathogens affecting pig populations worldwide. Administration of a combination of vaccines against swine pathogens has been demonstrated to be as efficacious as the administration of single vaccines. In this study, we developed and tested a novel bivalent subunit vaccine against CSFV and PCV2.

Safety Assessment and Probiotic Potential Comparison of subsp. BLI-02, LPL28, TYCA06, and ET-66.

subsp. BLI-02, ET-66, LPL28, and TYCA06, isolated from healthy breast milk, miso, and the healthy human gut, were assessed for safety in this study. BLI-02, LPL28, TYCA06, and ET-66 exhibited no antibiotic resistance and mutagenic activity in the Ames test at the highest dosage (5000 μg/plate).

Analysis across Taiwan Biobank, Biobank Japan, and UK Biobank identifies hundreds of novel loci for 36 quantitative traits.

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified tens of thousands of genetic loci associated with human complex traits. However, the majority of GWASs were conducted in individuals of European ancestries. Failure to capture global genetic diversity has limited genomic discovery and has impeded equitable delivery of genomic knowledge to diverse populations.

NULISA: a proteomic liquid biopsy platform with attomolar sensitivity and high multiplexing.

The blood proteome holds great promise for precision medicine but poses substantial challenges due to the low abundance of most plasma proteins and the vast dynamic range of the plasma proteome. Here we address these challenges with NUcleic acid Linked Immuno-Sandwich Assay (NULISA™), which improves the sensitivity of traditional proximity ligation assays by ~10,000-fold to attomolar level, by suppressing assay background via a dual capture and release mechanism built into oligonucleotide-conjugated antibodies. Highly multiplexed quantification of both low- and high-abundance proteins spanning a wide dynamic range is achieved by attenuating signals from abundant targets with unconjugated antibodies and next-generation sequencing of barcoded reporter DNA.

A therapeutic dose and its pharmacokinetics of ropeginterferon Alfa-2b for hepatitis C treatment.

Aim: Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a novel mono-pegylated proline-interferon. Its biweekly dosing schema has demonstrated tolerability and clinical efficacy for treating chronic hepatitis in previous clinical studies. This trial evaluates the pharmacokinetics of 400 μg ropeginterferon alfa-2b in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and provides the data to support the clinical utility of ropeginterferon alfa-2b at 400 μg.

Therapeutic blood-brain barrier modulation and stroke treatment by a bioengineered FZD-selective WNT surrogate in mice.

Derangements of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-retinal barrier (BRB) occur in disorders ranging from stroke, cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. The Norrin/FZD/TSPAN12 pathway activates WNT/β-catenin signaling, which is essential for BBB and BRB function. However, systemic pharmacologic FZD stimulation is hindered by obligate palmitoylation and insolubility of native WNTs and suboptimal properties of the FZD-selective ligand Norrin.

A Novel Phytogenic Formulation, EUBIO-BPSG, as a Promising One Health Approach to Replace Antibiotics and Promote Reproduction Performance in Laying Hens.

Gut microbiota play a key role in health maintenance and disease pathogenesis in animals. Dietary phytochemicals are crucial factors shaping gut bacteria. Here, we investigated the function and mechanism of a phytogenic formulation, EUBIO-BPSG (BP), in laying hens.

Taiwan Biobank: A rich biomedical research database of the Taiwanese population.

The Taiwan Biobank (TWB) is an ongoing prospective study of >150,000 individuals aged 20-70 in Taiwan. A comprehensive list of phenotypes was collected for each consented participant at recruitment and follow-up visits through structured interviews and physical measurements. Biomarkers and genetic data were generated from blood and urine samples.

Abnormal Conduction Zone Detected by Isochronal Late Activation Mapping Accurately Identifies the Potential Atrial Substrate and Predicts the Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Outcome After Pulmonary Vein Isolation.

Background: The presence of abnormal substrate of left atrium is a predictor of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation. We aimed to investigate the isochronal late activation mapping to access the abnormal conduction velocity for predicting AF ablation outcome.

Methods: Forty-five paroxysmal AF patients (30 males, 57.

Lentiviral Gene Therapy for Artemis-Deficient SCID.

Background: The DNA-repair enzyme Artemis is essential for rearrangement of T- and B-cell receptors. Mutations in , which encodes Artemis, cause Artemis-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency (ART-SCID), which is poorly responsive to allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplantation.

Methods: We carried out a phase 1-2 clinical study of the transfusion of autologous CD34+ cells, transfected with a lentiviral vector containing , in 10 infants with newly diagnosed ART-SCID.

Characterization of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in the Onset of Diabetic Retinopathy.

The aim of this study was to characterize the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain- (NOD-) like receptor (NLR) protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in the onset of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using retina and vitreous from donors without diabetes mellitus (CTL), with diabetes mellitus alone (DM), and with DR. Retinal expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), the key markers of retinal inflammation, connexin43 (Cx43) which is involved in upstream inflammasome regulation, as well as NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1, the main markers of inflammasome activation, were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Vitreous interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, biomarkers of the activated inflammasome, were measured using a Luminex multiplex assay.

Use of Hormone Replacement Therapy and Risk of Dementia: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Estrogen has the potential to influence brain physiology implicated in dementia pathogenesis. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) might be expected to influence the risk of dementia. Observational data indicated that HRT was associated with reductions in dementia risk, but experimental evidence demonstrates that HRT increases the incidence of dementia.

Single Injection of Cross-Linked Hyaluronate in Knee Osteoarthritis: A 52-Week Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: to compare the 52-week effectiveness and safety between HYAJOINT Plus (HJP) and Durolane in knee osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. Methods: consecutive patients received a single injection of 3 mL HJP or Durolane. The primary outcome was a visual analog scale (VAS) pain measurement at 26 weeks post-injection.

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Is an Economical and Efficient Animal Model for Screening Potential Anti-cataract Compounds.

Purpose: To develop a zebrafish cataract model for screening potential anti-cataract compounds.

Methods: Living zebrafish were anesthetized and exposed to ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation at a dosage of 3250 mJ/cm2/d until they developed severe cataracts. These cataracts were graded based on photographs analyzed with ImageQuant TL version 7.

Impulsivity Trait Profiles in Patients With Cerebellar Ataxia and Parkinson Disease.

Background And Objectives: Individuals with cerebellar ataxia (CA) can develop impulsive behavioral symptoms, often resulting in negative interpersonal consequences, detrimentally affecting their quality of life. Limited evidence exists concerning impulsivity in CA and its associated behavioral changes. We assessed impulsive traits in CA using the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) and compared them with those of Parkinson disease (PD) to investigate the differences in the impulsive trait profiles between CA and PD.

Paradoxical mortality of high estimated glomerular filtration rate reversed by 24-h urine creatinine excretion rate adjustment: sarcopenia matters.

Background: Muscle wasting may explain the paradoxical mortality of patients with high estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) derived from equation methods. However, empirical evidence and solutions remain insufficient.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we compared the performance of equation methods for predicting all-cause mortality; we used 24-h creatinine clearance (24-h CrCl), equation-based eGFRs, and a new eGFR estimating equation weighting for population 24-h urine creatinine excretion rate (U-CER).

Risk Stratification Using a Novel Nomogram for 2190 EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patients Receiving the First or Second Generation EGFR-TKI.

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are the standard treatment for EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to create a novel nomogram to help physicians suggest the optimal treatment for patients with EGFRm+ NSCLC. Records of 2190 patients with EGFRm+ NSCLC cancer who were treated with EGFR-TKIs (including gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib) at the branches of a hospital group between 2011 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.