Novel MRI-based Hyper-Fused Radiomics for Predicting Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: To propose a novel MRI-based hyper-fused radiomic approach to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in breast cancer (BC).

Materials And Methods: Pretreatment dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and ultra-multi-b-value (UMB) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data were acquired in BC patients who received NAT followed by surgery at two centers. Hyper-fused radiomic features (RFs) and conventional RFs were extracted from DCE-MRI or UMB-DWI.

Targeting Deltex E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 2 Inhibits Tumor-associated Neutrophils and Sensitizes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Immunotherapy.

Several E3 ligases have been found to affect the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and lead to the resistance of immunotherapy. In this study, genes of E3 ligases are screened based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Through cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF), flow cytometry, and further experiments, Deltex E3 ubiquitin ligase 2 (DTX2) in HCC cells is identified to promote the infiltration and polarization of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) with a protumor phenotype, thus attenuating the infiltration and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells partially through C-X-C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2) and C-X-C motif chemokine 6 (CXCL6).

SLC25A21 correlates with the prognosis of adult acute myeloid leukemia through inhibiting the growth of leukemia cells via downregulating CXCL8.

In recent years, targeting mitochondrial apoptosis has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The SLC25 family of mitochondrial carriers plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial function and regulating apoptosis. However, the role of SLC25A21, an oxodicarboxylate carrier, in AML progression and its potential as a prognostic biomarker remain underexplored.

Epidermal stem cell-derived exosomes improve wound healing by promoting the proliferation and migration of human skin fibroblasts.

Background: Epidermal stem cells (ESCs) are primarily located in the basal layer of the epidermis and play a crucial role in wound healing. ESCs-derived exosomes (ESCs-Exo) are emerging as promising candidates for skin regeneration and wound healing. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Reflection-type orientation-switchable optical differentiator exemplified by the BK7-MoS interface.

Optical differential operation is an ultra-fast edge information extraction technology that enables identifying the image features, whereas current optical differentiators mainly operate along one or two differential orientations and is incompetent for switching the differential orientation. A reflection-type orientation-switchable optical differentiator is proposed and the BK7-MoS interface is used as an example to analyze the edge detection performance. Theory suggests that there are dual modulation methods, one is tuning the incident polarization angle with a Brewster incident angle, and the other one is altering the incident angle with a nearly vertical incident polarization angle.

LncRNA TUG1 Knockdown Reduces Cardiomyocyte Damage in Viral Myocarditis by Targeting the miR-140-3p/CXCL8 Axis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to probe the specific role of long noncoding RNA taurine upregulation 1 (LncRNA TUG1) in viral myocarditis (VMC).

Methods: The mouse model of VMC was induced by Coxsackievirus type B3 (CVB3). LncRNA TUG1 was subsequently silenced, and micro-140-3p (miR-140-3p) was overexpressed in VMC mice.

Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages promote fibroblast autophagy to contribute to hypertrophic scar formation via CXCL2/CXCR7/mTOR pathway.

Introduction: Abnormal activation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSF) plays an important role in the excessive fibrosis of hypertrophic scars (HS). However, the regulatory mechanism of HSF abnormal activation is not fully unclear. Early studies had shown that M2 macrophages were increased during scar formation.

Evaluation of ocular surface inflammation and systemic conditions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the association of ocular surface inflammation with systemic conditions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: The study enrolled 30 SLE patients and 30 controls. Ocular symptoms were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire.

Helicase protein DDX11 as a novel antiviral factor promoting RIG-I-MAVS-mediated signaling pathway.

Unlabelled: Type Ι interferon (IFN) production mediated by retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I) and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is essential for antiviral innate immune responses. Here, we report the identification of a novel co-sensor for cytosolic nucleic acids: DEAD/H-box helicase 11 (DDX11), a member of the DExD/H (Asp-Glu-x-Asp/His)-box helicase family. Knockdown or knockout of DDX11 attenuated the ability of cells to increase IFN-β, IFN-stimulated gene 56, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 in response to SeV and poly (I:C) by blocking the activation of TANK-binding kinase 1 and IFN regulatory factor 3.

Investigating the Impact of IL-6 and CXCL8 on Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting the elderly, characterized by severe cognitive impairment and memory loss. Emerging evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a significant role in AD pathogenesis, with cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) contributing to the disease progression.

Methods: We utilized GEO datasets to identify IL-6 and CXCL8 as pivotal inflammatory markers in AD.

Effects of the N-Butanol Extract of Pulsatilla Decoction on Neutrophils in a Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease, the incidence of which is increasing worldwide. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of UC remains unclear. The n-butanol extract of Pulsatilla decoction (BEPD), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to be effective in treating UC.

Specific multivalent molecules boost CRISPR-mediated transcriptional activation.

CRISPR/Cas-based transcriptional activators can be enhanced by intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). However, the underlying mechanisms are still debatable. Here, we examine 12 well-known IDRs by fusing them to the dCas9-VP64 activator, of which only seven can augment activation, albeit independently of their phase separation capabilities.

Osteoblasts are induced into cancer-associated osteoblasts to promote tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Bone invasion by head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) significantly impacts tumor staging, treatment choice, prognosis, and quality of life. While HNSCC is known to cause osteolytic bone invasion, we found that specific HNSCC subtypes can induce osteogenic bone destruction at the tumor-bone interface. This destruction mode significantly correlated with reduced patient survival rates and increased neck lymph node metastasis.

Cerebral Endothelial CXCR2 Promotes Neutrophil Transmigration into Central Nervous System in LPS-Induced Septic Encephalopathy.

Septic encephalopathy (SE) represents a severe inflammatory syndrome linked to elevated septic mortality rates, lacking specific therapeutic interventions, and often resulting in enduring neurological sequelae. The present investigation endeavors to elucidate the involvement of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) in the pathogenesis of SE and to explore the potential of CXCR2 modulation as a therapeutic avenue for SE. Employing a murine SE model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, CXCR2 knockout mice and the CXCR2 inhibitor SB225002 were utilized to assess neutrophil recruitment, endothelial integrity, and transendothelial migration.

Recent Progress in Free Radical Transformations of Allenamides.

Allenamides are special allenes, and the unique reactivity, selectivity (both stereoselective and regionally selective) and stability of allenamides have been widely studied. In this review, the development of the free radical transformation of allenamides over the last few years will be summarized. This review discusses in detail in three parts: intermolecular radical addition to C- X (X = N, S, O, Se) bonds, metal salt mediated cyclization of allenamides, and photocatalytic cyclization of allenamides.

Trafficking circuit of CD8 T cells between the intestine and bone marrow governs antitumour immunity.

Immunotherapy elicits a systemic antitumour immune response in peripheral circulating T cells. However, the T cell trafficking circuit between organs and their contributions to antitumour immunity remain largely unknown. Here we show in multiple mouse leukaemia models that high infiltration of leukaemic cells in bone marrow (BM) stimulates the transition of CD8CD44CD62L central memory T cells into CD8CD44CD62L T cells, designated as inter-organ migratory T cells (T cells).

Shufeng Jiedu capsule alleviates influenza A (H1N1) virus induced acute lung injury by regulating the lung inflammatory microenvironment.

Background: Death caused by respiratory tract infection is one of the leading causes of death in the world today. Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used clinically for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), H1N1 influenza virus pneumonia and other diseases. Its pharmacological effect is to inhibit inflammation and improve the body's ability to clear viruses.

Inhibition of CXCR4: A perspective on miracle fruit seed for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia, and its causes are currently diverse and not fully understood. In a previous study, we discovered that short-term treatment with miracle fruit seed (MFS) had a therapeutic effect on AD model mice, however, the precise mechanism behind the effect remains unclear. In this research, we aimed to establish the efficacy and safety of long-term use of MFS in AD model mice.