An Automatic Deep-Radiomics Framework for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Stratification in Patients with Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen of 4.0-10.0 ng/mL: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop an automatic deep-radiomics framework that diagnoses and stratifies prostate cancer in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels between 4 and 10 ng/mL.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1124 patients with histological results and PSA levels between 4 and 10 ng/mL were enrolled from one public dataset and two local institutions. An nnUNet was trained for prostate masks, and a feature extraction module identified suspicious lesion masks.

Enhancing fish sludge bioconversion kinetics for nutrient recovery in aquaponics using a modified biological aerated filter with a novel media of polyhedral hollow spheres.

Nutrient recovery from aquaculture sludge is vital for promoting hydroponic plant growth and achieving near-zero solid waste discharge in aquaponic systems. Modified biological aerated filters (MBAFs) are promising because of the dual capabilities of aquaculture sludge collection and aerobic mineralization. However, the bioconversion kinetics, which is indirectly related to the packed media, need to be improved.

Photoexcited Hantzsch Ester Anions Enabled C-F Bond Activation and Hydro-Difluoroalkylation of Arylethylenes Through Dual-SET Process.

In this study, we reported a new approach to activate the C-F bond of trifluoromethylarenes to achieve the hydro-difluoroalkylation of arylethylenes using photoexcited Hantzsch esters (HEs) anions. A wide range of α,α-difluoroalkanes was synthesized. Late-stage functionalization of drug molecules and synthesis of bioactive molecule bioisostere were also presented.

Early-warning ecological risk assessments of multi-element pollution in the surface soil of karst basins in southwest China based on the delayed geochemical hazard model.

Soil potentially toxic element (PTE) pollution, especially in karst regions, poses significant ecological risks due to the unique geological features and environmental conditions. This study focuses on the delayed geochemical hazard (DGH) model to assess the progressive risks of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) contamination in the surface soils of karst regions in southwestern China. The study found that Pb and Cd pollution in karst areas presents ecological risks, with the region's high porosity and alkaline soils facilitating the transformation of pollutants from stable to mobile forms.

Intestinal mucosal barrier repair and immune regulation with an AI-developed gut-restricted PHD inhibitor.

Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors have been approved for treating renal anemia yet have failed clinical testing for inflammatory bowel disease because of a lack of efficacy. Here we used a multimodel multimodal generative artificial intelligence platform to design an orally gut-restricted selective PHD1 and PHD2 inhibitor that exhibits favorable safety and pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical studies. ISM012-042 restores intestinal barrier function and alleviates gut inflammation in multiple experimental colitis models.

One new polyketide and four new sesquiterpenes derivatives from the fungicolous fungi aspergillus nidulans LZ8 of Ganoderma lingzhi.

One new polyketide asperfuranone D (1), four new sesquiterpenes derivatives aspergillone C-F (2-5) and three known compounds (6-8) were successfully isolated from Aspergillus nidulans LZ8, a fungicolous fungi from the macrofungal Ganoderma lingzhi. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses including ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV), mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activities of the new compounds were evaluated using LPS-induced RAW 264.

Organic Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Achieving 4.8 V LiCoO.

Developing high-voltage electrolytes to stabilize LiCoO (LCO) cycling remains a challenge in lithium-ion batteries. Constructing a high-quality cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) is essential to mitigate adverse reactions at high voltages. However, conventional inorganic CEIs dominated by LiF have shown limited performance for high-voltage LCO.

Serum GFAP and UCH-L1 Levels for the Assessment of the Absence of Hemorrhagic Transformation: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Currently, validated biomarkers for assessing hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) are lacking. We aimed to validate a test combining GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and UCH-L1 (ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1) to indicate the absence of HT after IVT.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with stroke treated with IVT from 16 hospitals.

A penta-component mpox mRNA vaccine induces protective immunity in nonhuman primates.

The recent worldwide outbreaks of mpox prioritize the development of a safe and effective mRNA vaccine. The contemporary mpox virus (MPXV) exhibits changing virological and epidemiological features, notably affecting populations already vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Herein, we profile the immunogenicity of AR-MPXV5, a penta-component mRNA vaccine targeting five specific proteins (M1R, E8L, A29L, A35R, and B6R) from the representative contemporary MPXV clade II strain, in both naive and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected nonhuman primates.

Elucidating the mechanistic synergy of fluorine and oxygen doping in boosting platinum-based catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are recognized as promising next-generation energy sources for automotive applications. The development of efficient, durable, and low-cost electrocatalysts to enhance the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics is crucial. Herein, we report the synthesis of Pt@C/F-COOH catalysts via the pyrolysis and HNO oxidation of the carbon support, followed by the growth of Pt nanoparticles through reduction.

Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Microsatellite-Instability-High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Patients with microsatellite-instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch-repair-deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer have poor outcomes with standard chemotherapy with or without targeted therapies. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab has shown clinical benefit in nonrandomized studies of MSI-H or dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods: In this phase 3 open-label trial, we randomly assigned patients with unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer and MSI-H or dMMR status according to local testing to receive, in a 2:2:1 ratio, nivolumab plus ipilimumab, nivolumab alone, or chemotherapy with or without targeted therapies.

Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Perfluorocarboxylate Anions: Fragmentation Induced by Reactive Species Formed From Microwave Excited Hydrogen and Water Plasmas.

Rationale: Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) like perfluorooctanoic acid have persistent environmental and physiological effects. This study investigates the degradation of CFCO (n = 1-7) with neutral radical fragmentation under oxygen attachment dissociation (OAD). Unique fragments absent from collision-induced dissociation (CID) are observed.

Photocatalytic C-F bond activation in small molecules and polyfluoroalkyl substances.

Organic halides are highly useful compounds in chemical synthesis, in which the halide serves as a versatile functional group for elimination, substitution and cross-coupling reactions with transition metals or photocatalysis. However, the activation of carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds-the most commercially abundant organohalide and found in polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), or 'forever chemicals'-is much rarer. Current approaches based on photoredox chemistry for the activation of small-molecule C-F bonds are limited by the substrates and transition metal catalysts needed.

Covalent Folding of Fluorinated Polyphenylene by Sulfur Fluorine Annulative Substitution.

We report that fluorinated polyphenylene P50 undergoes folding-like sulfur fluorine annulative substitution (SFAS) to form a well-defined tubular helix H50. This is achieved with atomic precision in an exceptionally efficient manner, involving the simultaneous transformation of 98 C-F bonds with the yield per reaction site approaching 99.9 %.

Multimodal targeting chimeras enable integrated immunotherapy leveraging tumor-immune microenvironment.

Although immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, its efficacy is affected by multiple factors, particularly those derived from the complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME). Strategies that simultaneously and synergistically engage multiple immune cells in TIME remain highly desirable but challenging. Herein, we report a multimodal and programmable platform that enables the integration of multiple therapeutic modules into single agents for tumor-targeted co-engagement of multiple immune cells within TIME.

Constructing perfluorinated UiO-67 for enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater and seabed sediments.

To investigate the ocean contamination caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), UiO-67/perfluorooctanoic acid (UiO-67/PFOA) was synthesized through solvent-assisted ligand incorporation method. The UiO-67/PFOA was then served as an adsorbent in headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technology for collecting and concentrating trace PAHs. The addition of the PFOA improved the hydrophobicity and stability of the UiO-67/PFOA coating, and the C-F functional group in UiO-67/PFOA could form the pseudo hydrogen bonding with the CH on the benzene ring of PAHs, which endowed the UiO-67/PFOA with 1.

A Multi-Institutional Study on Ultrasound Image Analysis for Staging HBV-Derived Liver Fibrosis: A Potential Noninvasive Alternative to Liver Stiffness Measurement.

Introduction: Liver stiffness measurement is principal for staging liver fibrosis but not included in routine examinations. We investigated whether comparable diagnostic performance can be achieved by mining ultrasound images and developing a novel serum index (NSI).

Methods: Texture features were extracted from ultrasound images.

FGFR4 Is Required for Concentric Growth of Cardiac Myocytes during Physiologic Cardiac Hypertrophy.

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23 is a bone-derived hormone that promotes renal phosphate excretion. Serum FGF23 is increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to pathologic cardiac hypertrophy by activating FGF receptor (FGFR) 4 on cardiac myocytes, which might lead to the high cardiovascular mortality in CKD patients. Increases in serum FGF23 levels have also been observed following endurance exercise and in pregnancy, which are scenarios of physiologic cardiac hypertrophy as an adaptive response of the heart to increased demand.

Twenty Years of Sustained Improvement in Quality of Care and Outcomes for Patients Hospitalized With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: Data From The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Program.

Background: The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke program is a quality improvement initiative designed to enhance adherence to evidence-based stroke care. Since its inception in 2003, over 2800 hospitals in the United States have participated in the program.

Methods: We examined patient characteristics, adherence to performance measures, and in-hospital outcomes in patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack in The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke hospitals from 2003 through 2022.

Modular Synthesis of α-Aryl Acrylamido Carboxylic Acids by Triple C-F Bond Cleavage of (Trifluoromethyl)alkenes with Unprotected Amino Acids.

A straightforward and efficient strategy for the construction of tertiary and secondary α-aryl acrylamido carboxylic acids is reported. This N-acrylation protocol of unprotected amino acids is achieved by triple C-F bond cleavage of (trifluoromethyl)alkenes. This method features mild conditions, is operationally simple, is free of transition metals and racemization, can be used on a gram scale, and is compatible with various functional moieties.