Orthodontic retainers: are they all the same?

Introduction: It is known that the stability of the results obtained with orthodontic treatment depends, in addition to the functional and aesthetic aspects, also on the adequate planning of the retention devices, the patient's compliance with this new phase, and the physiological changes that the human body experiences over the years, throughout the craniofacial aging process.

Objective: This article discusses the importance of the orthodontic retention phase and the influence of diagnosis, planning and execution of corrective treatment of malocclusions, in order to achieve the expected success.

Methods: Throughout the text, different types of retainers and approaches during this phase will be presented, with the aim of ensuring the stability of the results obtained after correcting problems in the vertical, transverse and anteroposterior directions.

Replacement of extended aortic arch aneurysm using partial sternotomy under beating heart and continuous cardiac perfusion.

We report the case of a 72-year-old male patient who presented with a progressive aortic arch aneurysm. To reduce surgical trauma, we planned the procedure using an upper partial sternotomy with continuous cardiac perfusion and moderate hypothermia. Two vents were inserted to provide sufficient relief to the heart during perfusion.

Applying the Andersen behavioral model to the medication therapy management program: an approach for improving medication safety in older adults.

Medication therapy problems (MTPs) are common among older adults and are associated with considerable morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management (MTM) program, which includes Comprehensive Medication Reviews (CMRs), Targeted Medication Reviews (TMRs), and guidance on safe medication disposal, is designed to optimize therapeutic outcomes and reduce adverse events by addressing MTPs. Although this program has demonstrated success in reducing MTPs, its utilization remains low, with ongoing concerns about service access disparities, patient satisfaction, and long-term health outcomes.