Increase of niche filling with increase of host richness for plant-infecting mastreviruses.

Now that it has been realized that viruses are ubiquitous, questions have been raised on factors influencing their diversity and distribution. For phytoviruses, understanding the interplay between plant diversity and virus species richness and prevalence remains cardinal. As both the amplification and the dilution of viral species richness due to increasing host diversity have been theorized and observed, a deeper understanding of how plants and viruses interact in natural environments is needed to explore how host availability conditions viral diversity and distributions.

Enhanced generation of internal tides under global warming.

A primary driver of deep-ocean mixing is breaking of internal tides generated via interactions of barotropic tides with topography. It is important to understand how the energy conversion from barotropic to internal tides responds to global warming. Here we address this question by applying a linear model of internal tide generation to coupled global climate model simulations under a high carbon emission scenario.

Outcomes from a single institution cohort of 248 patients with stage I-III esophageal cancer treated with radiotherapy: Comparison of younger and older populations.

Outcomes for patients receiving radiotherapy (RT) for non-metastatic esophageal cancer at a single institution were assessed, as well as the impact of factors including age and intensity modulated RT (IMRT) planning on patient outcomes. A retrospective cohort of patients treated with RT for stage I-III esophageal cancer between 2010 and 2018 was identified. Among 248 identified patients, 28 % identified as older (≥75 years of age).

On the role of seamounts in upwelling deep-ocean waters through turbulent mixing.

Turbulent mixing in the ocean exerts an important control on the rate and structure of the overturning circulation. However, the balance of processes underpinning this mixing is subject to significant uncertainties, limiting our understanding of the overturning's deep upwelling limb. Here, we investigate the hitherto primarily neglected role of tens of thousands of seamounts in sustaining deep-ocean upwelling.

The Association of Change in Weight During Radiotherapy Treatment With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Stage I-III Esophageal Cancer.

Esophageal carcinoma (EC) and nutritional status are strongly linked due to swallowing disruptions and treatment-related toxicities. Therefore, malnutrition and weight loss (WL) occur in 85% and 79% of EC patients, respectively. WL is frequently associated with worse EC patient outcomes, however, WL during radiation therapy (RT) and EC patient outcomes have not been well established.