Signature cytokine-associated transcriptome analysis of effector γδ T cells identifies subset-specific regulators of peripheral activation.

γδ T cells producing either interleukin-17A (γδ cells) or interferon-γ (γδ cells) are generated in the mouse thymus, but the molecular regulators of their peripheral functions are not fully characterized. Here we established an Il17a-GFP:Ifng-YFP double-reporter mouse strain to analyze at unprecedented depth the transcriptomes of pure γδ cell versus γδ cell populations from peripheral lymph nodes. Within a very high fraction of differentially expressed genes, we identify a panel of 20 new signature genes in steady-state γδ cells versus γδ cells, which we further validate in models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and cerebral malaria, respectively.

APOE Christchurch enhances a disease-associated microglial response to plaque but suppresses response to tau pathology.

Background: Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). A recent case report identified a rare variant in APOE, APOE3-R136S (Christchurch), proposed to confer resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether and how this variant exerts its protective effects.

Acute pancreatitis with panniculitis: a rare and striking clinical presentation.

Pancreatic panniculitis is a rare dermatological manifestation of pancreatic disorders, characterized by painful, erythematous nodules. We present the case of an 84-year-old woman with acute pancreatitis who developed erythematous-violaceous nodular lesions on her lower limbs. Histopathological examination revealed lobular panniculitis with fat necrosis and ghost adipocytes, confirming the diagnosis.

The influence of guided tours on the welfare of white-handed gibbons and capuchin monkeys at Maia Zoo.

Zoo animals are regularly exposed to a plethora of sensorial stimuli beyond their control, which can adversely impact their behaviour and welfare, including unfamiliar faces, excessive noise and intrusive visitor interaction. Zoos have implemented various measures, such as enrichments and regulation of visitor behaviour, to mitigate these effects. However, guided tours have not been used to simultaneously control visitor behaviour and maintain animal welfare.

Cutoff points for handgrip strength in patients with liver cirrhosis: a multicenter study.

Objectives: This study aimed to define handgrip strength (HGS) cutoff points to predict 1-year mortality in adult patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: This is an analysis of cohort databases from four reference centers in Brazil. Inpatients or outpatients with cirrhosis and aged ≥18 years were included.