Three types of rescue can avert extinction in a changing environment.

Setting aside high-quality large areas of habitat to protect threatened populations is becoming increasingly difficult as humans fragment and degrade the environment. Biologists and managers therefore must determine the best way to shepherd small populations through the dual challenges of reductions in both the number of individuals and genetic variability. By bringing in additional individuals, threatened populations can be increased in size (demographic rescue) or provided with variation to facilitate adaptation and reduce inbreeding (genetic rescue).

Effect of benazepril, a converting enzyme inhibitor, on plasma levels and activity of acenocoumarol and warfarin.

The effect of benazepril (CGS 14824), 20 mg/day orally, on the steady-state pharmaco-dynamics and plasma levels of the anticoagulants, warfarin and acenocoumarol, was studied in healthy volunteers. The anticoagulant activity of acenocoumarol was not affected by benazepril; there was an apparent slight but statistically significant reduction of the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. The magnitude of the inhibitory effect was considered not to be clinically important.

Comparison of gastrointestinal pH in cystic fibrosis and healthy subjects.

The primary objective of this study was to define the pH conditions under which supplemental pancreatic enzyme preparations must function in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The hypothesis was that normal or greater acid output in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), combined with low pancreatic bicarbonate output, results in an acidic duodenal pH, compromising both dosage-form performance and enzyme activity. Gastrointestinal pH profiles were obtained in 10 CF and 10 healthy volunteers under fasting and postprandial conditions.

Comparison of gastrointestinal pH in dogs and humans: implications on the use of the beagle dog as a model for oral absorption in humans.

Gastrointestinal pH as a function of time was recorded for 4 beagle dogs and 10 human subjects using radiotelemetric pH measuring equipment. Results indicated that in the quiescent phase, gastric pH in the dogs (mean = 1.8 +/- 0.