Differences in US Adult Dietary Patterns by Cardiovascular Health and Socioeconomic Vulnerability.

Background: Naturally occurring dietary patterns, a major contributor to health, are not well described among those with cardiovascular disease (CVD) - particularly in light of socioeconomic vulnerability. We sought to identify major dietary patterns in the US and their distribution by CVD, social risk factors, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among 32,498 noninstitutionalized adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2020).

Intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila complements the efficacy of PD1 therapy in MAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are not effective for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and identifying the key gut microbiota that contributes to immune resistance in these patients is crucial. Analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing reveals a decrease in Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk) during MAFLD-promoted HCC development. Administration of Akk ameliorates liver steatosis and effectively attenuates the tumor growth in orthotopic MAFLD-HCC mouse models.

Video-Based Plastic Bag Grabbing Action Recognition: A New Video Dataset and a Comparative Study of Baseline Models.

Recognizing the action of plastic bag taking from CCTV video footage represents a highly specialized and niche challenge within the broader domain of action video classification. To address this challenge, our paper introduces a novel benchmark video dataset specifically curated for the task of identifying the action of grabbing a plastic bag. Additionally, we propose and evaluate three distinct baseline approaches.

Does empathy decline in the clinical phase of medical education? A study of students at Leicester medical school.

Objective: To examine whether medical student empathy changes throughout the five years of a UK medical school.

Methods: Students completed an online version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE-S) during the 2022-2023 academic year. Comparisons of empathy scores were made using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent -tests.

Social jetlag and diet quality among US young adults: interactions with race/ethnicity.

The objective was to examine associations between social jetlag and diet quality among young adults in the US using nationally representative data from the 2017-2018 NHANES survey, and evaluate effect modification by gender and race/ethnicity. Social jetlag was considered ≥2-hour difference in sleep midpoint (median of bedtime and wake time) between weekends and weekdays. Diet quality was assessed with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and its 13 dietary components.