Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Lentinus edodes Polysaccharides Extracted with Subcritical Water Enhanced with Deep Eutectic Solvent.

The Lentinus edodes polysaccharide (LEP) was extracted with a new subcritical water extraction (SWE) enhanced with deep eutectic solvent (DES) method and then purified with a DEAE-52 cellulose column and a Sephadex G-100 column. Two purified polysaccharides (LEP1 and LEP2) were obtained and their structure, antioxidant activity, and immunomodulatory activity were analyzed. LEP1 and LEP2 were composed of mannose, glucose, and galactose with a molar ratio of 1:12.

scRNA-seq reveals involvement of monocytes in immune response in SLE patients.

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a typical autoimmune disease characterized by a complex pathogenesis and a strong genetic predisposition. The study of inflammatory response in SLE monocytes is not very clear, and exploring the inflammatory factors of monocytes is beneficial to discover new diagnostic targets.

Results: Using scRNA-seq technology, we obtained the quantitative changes in circulating immune cells and various cellular immune metabolic profiles between SLE patients and healthy volunteers.

Polarization-insensitive and compact single-mode filter on a 340 nm silicon-on-insulator platform.

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an integrated polarization-insensitive single-mode filter (SMF) on a 340 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, by introducing two lateral coupling waveguides to couple high-order modes from central single-mode waveguide to lateral waveguides. The experimental results show that the excess loss is <0.29 dB and the extinction ratio is >20 dB with a broad bandwidth of 136 nm for the fabricated SMF with a compact footprint of <13 µm.

A self-gelling hemostatic powder boosting radiotherapy-elicited NK cell immunity to combat postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma relapse.

Liver resection represents a main curative treatment for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but there is a rather high incidence of postoperative HCC relapse, which severely shortens long-term survival time. Currently, no standard adjuvant strategies are available for preventing HCC relapse in clinical practice. Impaired natural killer (NK) cell anti-tumor immunity has been disclosed as a crucial root of HCC relapse, indicating that reinstating NK cell anti-tumor immunity may show promise to curb HCC relapse.

Dietary sodium intake among youth.

Although there was an overall decreasing trend in the mean sodium intake and excess sodium intake, dietary sodium intake remained suboptimal in US youth.