Psychosocial determinants of oral health outcomes in young children.

Objective: To examine the social determinants of early childhood caries (ECC), one of the greatest public health risks affecting children, and examine alternative pathways of influence.

Methods: A physically healthy, socio-demographically high-risk sample of initially caries-free children, aged 1-4 years, was prospectively studied for 2 years. At 6-month intervals, assessments were made of caries presence from a standard dental exam; oral microbiology was assayed from saliva samples; oral hygiene behaviors and psychological and psychosocial risk exposure were derived from interviews and questionnaires.

Differential associations of neighborhood disadvantage, race/ethnicity, and cognitive status with experiences of psychosocial distress in the HABS-HD cohort.

Introduction: Understanding how contextual socioeconomic factors are associated with psychosocial distress among different ethnoracial groups is important for addressing health disparities in individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: Using Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD) data collected between 2017 and 2023, we examined the association of neighborhood disadvantage with psychosocial distress using demographically adjusted linear regression models, stratified by ethnoracial group and cognitive status.

Results: We included 630 non-Hispanic Black, 1109 Hispanic, and 1068 non-Hispanic White older adults deemed cognitively normal (CN) or diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Effects of enteral immunonutrition in laparoscopic versus open resections in colorectal cancer surgery: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: Immunonutrition (IMN) modulates the activity of the immune system. However, the effects of IMN on cancer patients following colorectal surgery is still lacking. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the outcomes of IMN in patients undergoing laparoscopic versus open colorectal surgery.

Doping Control Analysis of Methylsulfonylmethane in Horses.

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), also known as dimethyl sulfone, is a naturally occurring sulphur-containing compound that can be found in plants, animals and humans. MSM can also be a metabolite of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Due to their anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, both MSM and DMSO are prohibited substances in horseracing.

Patient-reported Outcome Measures for Peripheral Nerve Injuries: A Systematic Review.

Background: The goal of managing patients with peripheral nerve injuries is to improve how a patient feels and functions. This goal is best assessed with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), which elicit patient concerns, treatment goals, and clinical progression. This study reviews existing PROMs for adult patients with peripheral nerve injuries to assess how comprehensively they measure outcomes important to patients.