Dissecting the role of vitamin B metabolism in craniofacial development through analysis of clinical phenotypes and model organism discoveries.

Vitamin B, otherwise known as cobalamin, is an essential water-soluble vitamin that is obtained from animal derived dietary sources. Mutations in the genes that encode proteins responsible for cobalamin uptake, transport, or processing cause inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism, a group of disorders characterized by accumulation of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, neurodevelopmental defects, ocular dysfunction, anemia, and failure to thrive. Mild to moderate craniofacial phenotypes have been observed but these phenotypes are not completely penetrant and have not been consistently recognized in the literature.

The prevalence and demographic associations of headache in the adult population of Peru: a national cross-sectional population-based study.

Background: The Global Campaign against Headache is conducting a series of population-based studies to fill the large geographical gaps in knowledge of headache prevalence and attributable burden. One major region not until now included is South America. Here we present a study from Peru, a country of 32.

On-site extraction using a 3D printed device coated with Zn/Co-ZIF-derived carbon followed by an on-line SIA-HPLC-FL system for fluoroquinolones determination in wastewater.

A 3D printed device covered with Zn/Co-ZIF-derived carbon allows the on-site extraction of fluoroquinolones (FQs) from wastewater, avoiding the sample transportation to the laboratory, and the subsequent elution, separation and determination using an on-line flow system based on sequential injection analysis (SIA) coupled to HPLC-FL. Several parameters that affect the extraction efficiency and desorption were optimized including the sorption phase immobilization technique on the 3D device, extraction time, pH effect, sample volume as well as the type of eluent, eluent volume, and flow rate. Under optimum conditions, detection limits of 3-9 ng L were achieved for norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin and difloxacin.

Pregnancy and birth rate outcomes in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) inseminated with frozen semen using two commercial extenders.

The aim of this study was to evaluate alpaca pregnancy outcomes and birth rates of females inseminated with frozen semen using two commercial extenders. A total of 18 ejaculates from 8 adult alpaca males were obtained with artificial vagina, and macroscopic and microscopic semen characteristics were assessed. Afterwards, samples were divided into two aliquots, diluted with Biladyl® B or AndroMed®, and cooled for 2 h at 5°C.

Evaluation of the Allelic Variations in Vernalisation () and Photoperiod () Genes and Genetic Diversity in a Spanish Spelt Wheat Collection.

Allelic variation within genes controlling the vernalisation requirement () and photoperiod response () determines the adaptation of wheat to different environmental growing conditions as well as influences other traits related to grain yield. This study aimed to screen a Spanish spelt wheat collection using gene-specific molecular markers for , , , and loci and to phenotype for heading date (HD) in both field and greenhouse experiments under a long photoperiod and without vernalisation. Fifty-five spelt genotypes (91.