Phylogenetic analysis and transmission networks highlight the role of older adults in the transmission of HIV-1 in northern Zhejiang, China.

Background: In China, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses a significant challenge to older heterosexual adults. This study explored the transmission dynamics of HIV infection among older adults in northern Zhejiang Province, China using phylogenetic analysis and transmission networks.

Methods: HIV pol sequences without any antiretroviral therapy were obtained from newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients in Huzhou between 2017 and 2022.

Establishment and characterization of CHC-X1: the third human combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma cell line.

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) represents an uncommon variant of primary liver cancer. In recent years, its incidence rate has increased. Thus, it is essential to perform comprehensive investigations into cHCC-CCA to develop suitable treatment strategies.

Cancer gene identification through integrating causal prompting large language model with omics data-driven causal inference.

Identifying genes causally linked to cancer from a multi-omics perspective is essential for understanding the mechanisms of cancer and improving therapeutic strategies. Traditional statistical and machine-learning methods that rely on generalized correlation approaches to identify cancer genes often produce redundant, biased predictions with limited interpretability, largely due to overlooking confounding factors, selection biases, and the nonlinear activation function in neural networks. In this study, we introduce a novel framework for identifying cancer genes across multiple omics domains, named ICGI (Integrative Causal Gene Identification), which leverages a large language model (LLM) prompted with causality contextual cues and prompts, in conjunction with data-driven causal feature selection.

Innovative care models: Expanding nurses' and optometrists' roles in ophthalmology.

The expanding demands of healthcare necessitate novel methods of increasing the supply of trained professionals to enhance the delivery of care services. One means of doing so is to expand allied health professionals' scope of practice. This paper explores the ethics of two examples of such expansion in ophthalmology, comparing the widely accepted practice of nurses administering intravitreal injections and the relatively less prevalent optometrists functioning as physician extenders.

Privileged natural product compound classes for anti-inflammatory drug development.

Covering: up to early 2025Privileged compound classes of anti-inflammatory natural products are those where there are many reported members that possess anti-inflammatory properties. The identification of these classes is of particular relevance to drug discovery, as they could serve as valuable starting points in developing effective and safe anti-inflammatory agents. The privileged compound classes of natural products include the polyphenols, coumarins, labdane diterpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones, isoquinoline and indole alkaloids, each offering a variety of molecular scaffolds and functional groups that enable diverse interactions with biological targets.