Neuroregulation during Bone Formation and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Strategies.

The skeleton is highly innervated by numerous nerve fibers. These nerve fibers, in addition to transmitting information within the bone and mediating bone sensations, play a crucial role in regulating bone tissue formation and regeneration. Traditional bone tissue engineering (BTE) often fails to achieve satisfactory outcomes when dealing with large-scale bone defects, which is frequently related to the lack of effective reconstruction of the neurovascular network.

Evolutionary dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 variants under strict non-pharmaceutical interventions - a population-based study.

Introduction: China implemented a dynamic zero-COVID strategy to curb viral transmission in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This strategy was designed to inhibit mutation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19. This study explores the dynamics of viral evolution under stringent non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) through real-world observations.

Effect of Gradient Transition Layer on the Cracking Behavior of Ni60B (NiCrBSi) Coatings by Laser Cladding.

Laser cladding technology is an effective method for producing wear-resistant coatings on damaged substrates, improving both wear and corrosion resistance, which extends the service life of components. However, the fabrication of hard and brittle materials is highly susceptible to the problem of cracking. Using gradient transition layers is an effective strategy to mitigate the challenge of achieving crack-free laser-melted wear-resistant coatings.

BSA-Assisted Synthesis of Au Nanoclusters/MnO Nanosheets for Fluorescence "Switch-On" Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase.

A fluorescence probe for "switch-on" detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was developed based on Au nanoclusters anchored MnO nanosheets (Au NCs-MnO NSs), which were synthesized using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as template through a simple one-pot approach. In the sensing system, MnO NSs function as both energy acceptors and target identifiers, effectively quenches the fluorescence of Au NCs via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The presence of ALP catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (AAP) to ascorbic acid (AA), reducing MnO NSs to Mn and facilitate the fluorescence recovery of Au NCs.

Extracellular matrix cancer-associated fibroblasts promote stromal fibrosis and immune exclusion in triple-negative breast cancer.

The impact of high heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) immunotherapy response has not been fully elucidated, restricting progress in precision immuno-oncology. We integrated single-cell transcriptomic data from 18 TNBC patients and analyzed fibroblast subpopulations. Extracellular matrix CAFs (ecmCAFs) were identified as a fibroblast subpopulation with distinct ECM-associated characteristics.