Parkinsonism and dilatation of the perivascular spaces (état criblé) of the striatum: a clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, and pathological study.

Two men, 89 and 83 years of age, presented with predominantly axial parkinsonian signs. In both cases, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed numerous small foci, delineating the striatum. The lesions had the same signal as cerebral spinal fluid in both T1 and T2 sequences.

[Hypoxic cerebral lesions. X-ray computed tomography and MRI aspects. Apropos of 20 cases. Selective vulnerability of the striatopallidum].

Brain lesions following hypoxic-ischaemic injuries are known from autopsy studies, but their appearance in live patients has been only occasionally described, and only sporadic reports have been published on their CT and MRI images. Over a 2-year period (1991-93) we studied the clinical, MRI and CT features in 20 patients shortly after a severe hypoxia. Clinical examination showed motor extrapyramidal signs in 13 cases and coma in 7 cases.

[Solid breast nodules: reliability of ultrasonographic and cytological studies].

The authors evaluated the usefulness of US study and US guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in 144 solid breast lesions. US studies was performed with a 10-MHz transducer. Homogenous hypoechogenicity, elongation along the general orientation of the breast tissue plane, regular margins, and intensification of posterior echoes were considered as benign signs.

Axial motor disturbances after hypoxic lesions of the globus pallidus.

Four subjects aged between 29 and 60 years were examined because of axial motor impairment after hypoxic brain injury. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed circumscribed lesions of the globus pallidus in every case. The association of freezing of the gait, speech disorders, axial bradykinesia, and postural disturbances, with no rigidity or tremor and little or no distal akinesia, suggests a role of the globus pallidus in controlling axial motion.