Operant technology is often employed in farm management (e.g., waterers in which an animal pushes a valve with its nose or snout [response] to receive water [reinforcement]).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFData were from observations of behavior of 99 lactating Holstein cows during implantations with bST. Implantations were at 14-d intervals during 1 yr. Cows on one study received 0, 120, 240, or 360 mg; cows on a second study received 0, 160, or 320 mg of bST per implantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConcentrated separator by-product was fed to cattle to determine TDN, milk production, and feed preference. The TDN content of concentrated separator by-product was determined using a substitution method involving a basal diet of alfalfa and grass hay and a treatment diet of alfalfa and grass hay plus 10% added concentrated separator by-product. Four ruminally cannulated cows in a replicated 2 x 2 Latin square design were used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHolstein (n = 323) calves in the herds of four experiment stations were reared individually (control) or in isolation to 70 d of age to determine whether isolation affected growth, behavior, and first lactation yield. Treatment differences were not observed for average daily gain for BW at d 28, 56 or 70. Postweaning approach distance was measured in two herds (n = 122; n = 28).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF