The InSight HP Penetrator (Mole) on Mars: Soil Properties Derived from the Penetration Attempts and Related Activities.

Unlabelled: The NASA InSight Lander on Mars includes the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package HP to measure the surface heat flow of the planet. The package uses temperature sensors that would have been brought to the target depth of 3-5 m by a small penetrator, nicknamed the mole. The mole requiring friction on its hull to balance remaining recoil from its hammer mechanism did not penetrate to the targeted depth.

Geology of the InSight landing site on Mars.

The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) spacecraft landed successfully on Mars and imaged the surface to characterize the surficial geology. Here we report on the geology and subsurface structure of the landing site to aid in situ geophysical investigations. InSight landed in a degraded impact crater in Elysium Planitia on a smooth sandy, granule- and pebble-rich surface with few rocks.

Genetic aspects of nutritional rickets.

Amino acid excretion was investigated in 21 rachitic infants and in 22 of their parents. There was (a) increased alpha-amino acid excretion in one-third of the infants a long time after the rickets had healed, (b) an abnormally high excretion of alpha-amino nitrogen and of phosphorus in many of the parents (c) an abnormal pattern of amino acid excretion in all 9 infants tested, and (d) a good correlation between the excretion of individual amino acids by an infant and by its parents. Our findings suggest that in at least some cases of nutritional rickets there is a genetic element which may manifest itself only under adverse environmental conditions.