Understanding Individual Subject Differences through Large Behavioral Datasets: Analytical and Statistical Considerations.

A core feature of behavior analysis is the single-subject design, in which each subject serves as its own control. This approach is powerful for identifying manipulations that are causal to behavioral changes but often fails to account for individual differences, particularly when coupled with a small sample size. It is more common for other subfields of psychology to use larger-N approaches; however, these designs also often fail to account for the individual by focusing on aggregate-level data only.

Telehealth in a Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy Clinic: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Importance: Telehealth offers advantages to patients with pelvic floor disorders because they face unique barriers to care; however, attendance of telehealth appointments is unknown.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the attendance of telehealth appointments in urogynecology patients receiving pelvic floor physical therapy as compared with in-person visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Design: We retrospectively collected electronic medical record data from patients engaging in pelvic floor physical therapy from 2019, and pre- and post-COVID-19 in 2020.

Basics of advanced therapy medicinal product development in academic pharma and the role of a GMP simulation unit.

Following successes of authorized chimeric antigen receptor T-cell products being commercially marketed in the United States and European Union, product development of T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy consisting of cell-based advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) has gained further momentum. Due to their complex characteristics, pharmacological properties of living cell products are, in contrast to classical biological drugs such as small molecules, more difficult to define. Despite the availability of many new advanced technologies that facilitate ATMP manufacturing, translation from research-grade to clinical-grade manufacturing in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) needs a thorough product development process in order to maintain the same product characteristics and activity of the therapeutic product after full-scale clinical GMP production as originally developed within a research setting.

Context-independent identification of myocardial ischemia in the prehospital ECG of chest pain patients.

Non-traumatic chest pain is a frequent reason for an urgent ambulance visit of a patient by the emergency medical services (EMS). Chest pain (or chest pain-equivalent symptoms) can be innocent, but it can also signal an acute form of severe pathology that may require prompt intervention. One of these pathologies is cardiac ischemia, resulting from a disbalance between blood supply and demand.

Post hoc labeling an acute ECG as ischemic or non-ischemic based on clinical data: A necessary challenge.

The ECG is crucial in the prehospital (and early inhospital) phase of patients with symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia. Therefore, new algorithms for ECG-based myocardial ischemia detection are continuously being researched. Development and validation of these algorithms require a database of acute ECGs (from the prehospital or emergency department setting) including a representative mix of cases (ischemia present) and controls (no ischemia present).