Statin-associated necrotizing autoimmune myopathy with concurrent myasthenia gravis.

Statin treatment has been associated with necrotizing autoimmune myopathy and has been linked to myasthenia gravis. We present an unprecedented clinical challenge with both disorders occurring in a patient treated with statins few months earlier.

Risk factors for vascular dementia: hypotension as a key point.

Physiologically, the cerebral autoregulation system allows maintenance of constant cerebral blood flow over a wide range of blood pressure. In old people, there is a progressive reshape of cerebral autoregulation from a sigmoid curve to a straight line. This implies that any abrupt change in blood pressure will result in a rapid and significant change in cerebral blood flow.

Rivastigmine and Parkinson dementia complex.

Patients suffering from Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) have a movement disorder, but it can be difficult to determine whether the functional impairment, which is critical in making the assessment of whether a patient has achieved the threshold for a diagnosis of dementia, is due to the dementia or the underlying Parkinson's disease. Although the cognitive impairment found in nondemented patients with Parkinson's disease is very dysexecutive in nature, the DSM IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association IV) diagnosis of PDD has memory impairment as the defining characteristic of PDD. Severe deficits in cortical, cholinergic, excitatory, neuromodulatory input mean that memory impairment is not always due to encoding and retrieval strategy deficits, but it may also be amnesic without being related to concomitant Alzheimer's disease pathology.