Symptom Persistence Relates to Volume and Asymmetry of the Limbic System after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

: Persistent symptoms have been reported in up to 50% of the 27 million people with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) every year. MRI findings are currently limited by low diagnostic and prognostic sensitivities, constraining the value of imaging in the stratification of patients following mTBI. Limbic system structures are promising brain regions in offering prognostic factors for symptom persistence following mTBI.

Diffusion in the corpus callosum predicts persistence of clinical symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury, a multi-scanner study.

Background: Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) comprise 80% of all TBI, but conventional MRI techniques are often insensitive to the subtle changes and injuries produced in a concussion. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is one of the most sensitive MRI techniques for mTBI studies with outcome and symptom associations described. The corpus callosum (CC) is one of the most studied fiber tracts in TBI and mTBI, but the comprehensive post-mTBI symptom relationship has not fully been explored.

Operative Management Improves Near-term Survival of Patients With Odontoid Type II Fractures: A Propensity-matched National Registry Analysis.

Study Design: National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) review and propensity-matched analysis.

Objective: To evaluate differences in clinical outcomes by operative management.

Summary Of Background Data: Odontoid type II fractures are the most prevalent cervical fracture.

HIV-1-induced nuclear invaginations mediated by VAP-A, ORP3, and Rab7 complex explain infection of activated T cells.

The mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) nuclear entry, required for productive infection, is not fully understood. Here, we report that in HeLa cells and activated CD4 T cells infected with HIV-1 pseudotyped with VSV-G and native Env protein, respectively, Rab7 late endosomes containing endocytosed HIV-1 promote the formation of nuclear envelope invaginations (NEIs) by a molecular mechanism involving the VOR complex, composed of the outer nuclear membrane protein VAP-A, hyperphosphorylated ORP3 and Rab7. Silencing VAP-A or ORP3 and drug-mediated impairment of Rab7 binding to ORP3-VAP-A inhibited the nuclear transfer of the HIV-1 components and productive infection.

Horizontal Transfer of Malignant Traits and the Involvement of Extracellular Vesicles in Metastasis.

Metastases are responsible for the vast majority of cancer deaths, yet most therapeutic efforts have focused on targeting and interrupting tumor growth rather than impairing the metastatic process. Traditionally, cancer metastasis is attributed to the dissemination of neoplastic cells from the primary tumor to distant organs through blood and lymphatic circulation. A thorough understanding of the metastatic process is essential to develop new therapeutic strategies that improve cancer survival.