Compulsory admissions of patients with mental disorders: State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries.

Background: Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care.

Methods: The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions.

18-Fluoride labeled sodium fluoride positron emission tomography with computer tomography: the impact of pretreatment staging in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.

Background: 18-Fluoride labeled sodium fluoride (Na-18-F) positron emission tomography with computer tomography (PET/CT) has a better sensitivity and specificity than whole body bone scan (WBBS) in detecting osseous metastatic prostate cancer. We performed a pilot study of 20 men to examine what level of impact Na-18-F PET/CT has on management plans when used for staging newly diagnosed prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: Twenty men were prospectively enrolled into the study in South Australia.

Hybrid Tc-magnetite tracer for dual modality sentinel lymph node mapping.

Accuracy of sentinel lymph node identification using radioactive tracers in non-superficial cancers can be limited by radiation shine through and low spatial resolution of detection systems such as intraoperative gamma probes. By utilising a dual radioactive/magnetic tracer, sensitive lymphoscintigraphy can be paired with high spatial resolution intraoperative magnetometer probes to improve the accuracy of sentinel node detection in cancers with complex multidirectional lymphatic drainage. Dextran-coated magnetite nanoparticles (33 nm mean hydrodynamic diameter) were labelled with Tc and applied as a lymphotropic tracer in small and large animal models.

Preparation of Ga-Mg-Ca-phytate colloid and its evaluation as a liver imaging agent.

The objective of this study was to investigate the radiosynthesis of Ga-Mg-Ca-phytate colloid and then characterise the formulation for radiochemical purity (RCP), radioactive particle size distribution, and biodistribution in normal rats. This radiocolloid was prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of phytic acid, Ga ions, a dispersant, Mg and Ca ions, and then heating the contents at 100°C for 5 minutes. After cooling the vial to 5°C, the solution was basified to pH 5 and stored in the cold.

Ga-Ca-phytate particles: A potential lung perfusion agent of synthetic origin prepared in a cold kit format.

The objective of this study was to investigate the radiosynthesis of Ga-Ca-phytate particles and then characterize the formulation for radiochemical purity, radioactive particle size distribution, and biodistribution in normal rats. This radiotracer was prepared using a commercial phytate cold kit after reconstitution with saline, Ga-chloride generator eluent, calcium chloride, and air, then heating at 100°C for 30 minutes to achieve 99% radiochemical purity of Ga-particles that were 21% 3-5 μm, 8% 5-15 μm, and 71% >15 μm in diameter. This optimal formulation was stable for 2 hours at room temperature.