Transfer of musculoskeletal care from paediatric to adult services for patients with cerebral palsy and chronic neuromuscular conditions: Identifying the unmet need.

Introduction: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are treated by well-co-ordinated multi-disciplinary neuromuscular teams. With a comprehensive multidisciplinary team, co-ordinating the transfer to adult care is a challenge. Orthopaedic care becomes fragmented as patients transfer from paediatric orthopaedic surgeons with training in multi-joint neuromuscular conditions (NMCs), to adult orthopaedic surgeons where this expertise rarely exists.

Optogenetic inhibition of the locus coeruleus blocks vagus nerve stimulation-induced enhancement of extinction of conditioned fear in rats.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a therapeutic intervention previously shown to enhance fear extinction in rats. VNS is approved for use in humans for the treatment of epilepsy, depression, and stroke, and it is currently under investigation as an adjuvant to exposure therapy in the treatment of PTSD. However, the mechanisms by which VNS enhances extinction of conditioned fear remain unresolved.

Development and in-vitro assessment of novel oxygen-releasing feed additives to reduce enteric ruminant methane emissions.

Ruminant livestock contribute significantly to global methane production and mitigation of which is of utmost importance. Feed additives represent a cost-effective means of achieving this. A potential target for such additives is rumen Oxidative Reduction Potential (ORP), a parameter which influences CH production rates, with methanogenesis occurring optimally at ORPs below -300 mV.

Lateralized nodose ganglia gene expression implicates cholecystokinin receptors in interoceptive reward signaling.

The vagus nerves are important carriers of sensory information from the viscera to the central nervous system. Emerging evidence suggests that sensory signaling through the right, but not the left, vagus nerve evokes striatal dopamine release and reinforces appetitive behaviors. However, the extent to which differential gene expression within vagal sensory neurons contributes to this asymmetric reward-related signaling remains unknown.

A translational framework to DELIVER nanomedicines to the clinic.

Nanomedicines have created a paradigm shift in healthcare. Yet fundamental barriers still exist that prevent or delay the clinical translation of nanomedicines. Critical hurdles inhibiting clinical success include poor understanding of nanomedicines' physicochemical properties, limited exposure in the cell or tissue of interest, poor reproducibility of preclinical outcomes in clinical trials, and biocompatibility concerns.