Differences in time to surgery and defect sizes after Mohs micrographic surgery for black versus white patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Few studies have examined outcomes for Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in Black versus White patients. We compared time to surgery and defect sizes after MMS between Black versus White patients with cSCC. Patients with biopsy-proven cSCC treated with MMS at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania were identified from a prospectively maintained database (2006-2023).

Water transport mechanisms during pressure-driven transport through polyamide nanogaps.

Molecular-scale simulations of pressure-driven transport through polyamide nanogaps (5-100 Å) were performed to investigate fundamental transport mechanisms. Results show that transport in nanogaps  10 Å is always subdiffusive, but superdiffusive transport was observed in nanogaps  20 Å. Near typical operating pressures for applications (  = 100 atm), only the 100 Å nanogap exhibited superdiffusive behavior.

Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis.

Background: Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) is promising alternative to phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) for detecting drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRTB). This study explored the potential cost-effectiveness of tNGS for the diagnosis of DR-TB across 3 settings: India, South Africa and Georgia.

Methods: To inform WHO guideline development group (GDG) on tNGS we developed a stochastic decision analysis model and assessed cost-effectiveness of tNGS for DST among rifampicin resistance individuals.

FDA Approval Summary: Tovorafenib for Relapsed or Refractory BRAF-altered Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma.

On April 23, 2024, FDA granted accelerated approval to tovorafenib, a type II RAF kinase inhibitor, for the treatment of patients 6 months of age and older with relapsed or refractory pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG) harboring a BRAF fusion or rearrangement, or BRAF V600 mutation. Efficacy was evaluated in FIREFLY-1 (NCT04775485), a single-arm, open-label, multicenter trial that enrolled patients 6 months to 25 years of age with relapsed or refractory pLGG with an activating BRAF alteration who had received prior systemic therapy. The major efficacy outcome measure was radiologic overall response rate (ORR), defined as the proportion of patients with complete response, partial response, or minor response as determined by blinded independent central review using Response Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (RAPNO) criteria.

Protocol for a multi-domain scoping review to identify measures of decision-making ability in an ageing population.

Introduction: Deficits in decision-making (DM) can lead to adverse outcomes across multiple domains such as financial management and medical care. By hindering such DM abilities, cognitive impairment (CI) often affects quality of life. Routine screening for CI, however, does not include systematic and comprehensive assessment of DM ability.