Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of the Invaplex Vaccine Co-Administered with the dmLT Adjuvant in Dutch and Zambian Adults: Study Protocol for a Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Phase Ia/b Clinical Trial.

Background: Shigella infections remain endemic in places with poor sanitation and are a leading cause of diarrheal mortality globally, as well as a major contributor to gut enteropathy and stunting. There are currently no licensed vaccines for shigellosis but it has been estimated that an effective vaccine could avert 590,000 deaths over a 20-year period. A challenge to effective Shigella vaccine development has been the low immunogenicity and protective efficacy of candidate Shigella vaccines in infants and young children.

In-situ measurements of dissolved gases in xylem sap as tracers in plant physiology.

Trees transport gases from below ground into the atmosphere through the process of transpiration. Tracing gases transported through this mechanism continuously and under field conditions remains an experimental challenge. Here we measured gases dissolved in tree sap in-situ and in real time, aiming to simultaneously analyse the transport of several gases (He, Ar, Kr, N2, O2, CO2) from the soil, through the trees, into the atmosphere.

Family Involvement Training for Staff and Family Caregivers: Case Report on Program Design and Mixed Methods Evaluation.

The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the imperative for meaningful family involvement in long-term care, aligning with policy and safety standards while enhancing outcomes for caregivers, residents, and staff. The objectives of this article are as follows: (1) a case study report on implementing a family involvement intervention designed to facilitate the formal and safe engagement of family caregivers in resident care and (2) the pilot evaluation of the intervention. We used Knapp's six-step implementation science model to guide and describe intervention development to provide insight for others planning family involvement projects.

Real-time ex vivo monitoring of NK cell migration toward obesity-associated oesophageal adenocarcinoma following modulation of CX3CR1.

Oesophagogastric adenocarcinomas (OAC) are poor prognosis, obesity-associated cancers which may benefit from natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapies. Cellular immunotherapies encounter two key challenges to their success in OAC, namely recruitment to extratumoural tissues such as the omentum at the expense of the tumour and an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) which can hamper NK cell function. Herein, we examined approaches to overcome the detrimental impact of obesity on NK cells and NK cell-based immunotherapies.

Enhancing remediation of residual DNAPL in multilayer aquifers: Post-injection of alcohol-surfactant-polymer mixtures.

Although polymer-surfactant injection is an effective remediation technology for multilayer aquifers contaminated by Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPL), the existence of residual DNAPL after treatment is inevitable. This study evaluates the efficiency of the post-injection of alcohol-surfactant-polymer (ASP) mixtures containing 1-propanol/1-hexanol, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and xanthan in enhancing remediation of residual DNAPL in layered systems. A range of experimental devices, including batch, rheological measurements, centimetric 1D column, and decametric 2D tank experiments, were employed.