Hypericin photoactivation induces triple-negative breast cancer cells pyroptosis by targeting the ROS/CALR/Caspase-3/GSDME pathway.

Introduction: Hypericin (HP), a natural photosensitizer, has demonstrated great efficacy in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer treatment. In addition to the induction of apoptosis and necrosis through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the therapeutic mechanisms and targets of PDT-HP remain unknown.

Objectives: To investigate the direct targets and mechanisms of action of photoactivated hypericin in the inhibition of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Development and therapeutic assessment of bispecific nanobodies targeting B-cell activating factor and interleukin-17 for the neutralization of inflammatory mediators in autoimmune diseases.

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by dysregulated immune responses and chronic inflammation. B cell activating factor (BAFF) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) are key mediators in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, driving B cell hyperactivation, autoantibody production, and tissue damage. Simultaneous targeting of these pathways may provide a synergistic therapeutic approach.

Dense stroma activates the TGF-β1/FBW7 axis to induce metabolic subtype switching in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal diseases. Although several chemotherapy regimens have been developed over the past decades, few targeted therapies have shown a significant improvement in overall survival, partly due to the identification of PDAC as a single disease.

Methods: Combining metabolomic analysis and immunohistochemistry staining with Oil Red O staining, analysis for the oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate, we stratified pancreatic cancer cells into two subtypes.

Integrated Genomics Reveal Potential Resistance Mechanisms of PANoptosis-Associated Genes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is marked by the proliferation of abnormal myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow and blood, leading to low cure rates despite new drug approvals from 2017 to 2018. Current therapies often fail due to the emergence of drug resistance mechanisms, such as those involving anti-apoptotic pathways and immune evasion, highlighting an urgent need for novel approaches to overcome these limitations. Programmed cell death (PCD) is crucial for tissue homeostasis, with PANoptosis-a form of PCD integrating pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis-recently identified.

Microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells: A promising therapeutic strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome-related pulmonary fibrosis?

Pulmonary fibrosis significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), markedly increasing patient mortality. Despite the established anti-fibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), numerous challenges hinder their clinical application. A recent study demonstrated that microvesicles (MVs) from MSCs (MSC-MVs) could attenuate ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis and enhance lung function hepatocyte growth factor mRNA transcription.