Distribution of early-branching Cyanobacteriia and the potential habitats that gave rise to the earliest oxygenic phototrophs.

The evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis in the Cyanobacteria was one of the most transformative events in Earth history, eventually leading to the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere. However, it is difficult to understand how the earliest Cyanobacteria functioned or evolved on early Earth in part because we do not understand their ecology, including the environments in which they lived. Here, we use a cutting-edge bioinformatics tool to survey nearly 500,000 metagenomes for relatives of the taxa that likely bookended the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis to identify the modern environments in which these organisms live.

High Rates of Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an Acute Psychiatric Women's Inpatient Unit: An Opportunity to Improve Diagnosis and Direct Critical Efforts.

Purpose: Trauma disorders are prevalent and confer high rates of psychiatric comorbidity and functional impairment. Women are more likely to be affected by trauma disorders; however, rates and symptom burden in women's inpatient psychiatric units remains understudied. We hypothesized the prevalence of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) would be higher among women admitted to a women's inpatient unit compared to women in the general population and mixed gender units.

Fairness in Low Birthweight Predictive Models: Implications of Excluding Race/Ethnicity.

Context: To evaluate algorithmic fairness in low birthweight predictive models.

Study Design: This study analyzed insurance claims (n = 9,990,990; 2013-2021) linked with birth certificates (n = 173,035; 2014-2021) from the Arkansas All Payers Claims Database (APCD).

Methods: Low birthweight (< 2500 g) predictive models included four approaches (logistic, elastic net, linear discriminate analysis, and gradient boosting machines [GMB]) with and without racial/ethnic information.

Interrupting sitting with moderate-intensity physical activity breaks improves cognitive processing speed in adults with overweight and obesity: Findings from the SITLess pilot randomized crossover trial.

Introduction: Prolonged sitting can acutely reduce working memory (WM) in individuals with overweight and obesity (OW/OB) who show executive function deficits. Interrupting prolonged sitting with brief PA bouts may counter these effects. However, the benefits of such interventions on behavioral and neuroelectric indices of WM and whether neurocognitive responses are associated with postprandial glycemic responses in young and middle-aged adults with OW/OB remain unknown.