Sepsis Order Set Use Associated With Increased Care Value.

Background: Sepsis is common and expensive, and evidence suggests that sepsis order sets may help to improve care. Very incomplete evidence exists regarding the effects of sepsis order sets on the value of care produced by hospitals or the societal costs of sepsis care.

Research Question: In patients hospitalized for sepsis, is the receipt a of a sepsis order set vs no order set associated with improved value of care, defined as decreased hospital mortality, decreased hospital direct variable costs, and decreased societal spending on hospitalizations?

Study Design And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients discharged with sepsis International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, codes over 2 years from a large integrated delivery system.

Galectin-4 Antimicrobial Activity Primarily Occurs Through its C-Terminal Domain.

Although immune tolerance evolved to reduce reactivity with self, it creates a gap in the adaptive immune response against microbes that decorate themselves in self-like antigens. This is particularly apparent with carbohydrate-based blood group antigens, wherein microbes can envelope themselves in blood group structures similar to human cells. In this study, we demonstrate that the innate immune lectin, galectin-4 (Gal-4), exhibits strain-specific binding and killing behavior towards microbes that display blood group-like antigens.

Automated mitral inflow Doppler peak velocity measurement using deep learning.

Doppler echocardiography is a widely utilised non-invasive imaging modality for assessing the functionality of heart valves, including the mitral valve. Manual assessments of Doppler traces by clinicians introduce variability, prompting the need for automated solutions. This study introduces an innovative deep learning model for automated detection of peak velocity measurements from mitral inflow Doppler images, independent from Electrocardiogram information.

Retrolaminar Demyelination of Structurally Intact Axons in Nonhuman Primate Experimental Glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine if structurally intact, retrolaminar optic nerve (RON) axons are demyelinated in nonhuman primate (NHP) experimental glaucoma (EG).

Methods: Unilateral EG NHPs (n = 3) were perfusion fixed, EG and control eyes were enucleated, and foveal Bruch's membrane opening (FoBMO) 30° sectoral axon counts were estimated. Optic nerve heads were trephined; serial vibratome sections (VSs) were imaged and colocalized to a fundus photograph establishing their FoBMO location.