Subcellular fractionation by differential centrifugation for mitochondrial studies.

In addition to fluorescence microscopy, the subcellular fractionation of eukaryotic cells remains one of the central methods for the basic characterization of proteins. Here we describe an optimized procedure for the subcellular fractionation of yeast cells, specifically for mitochondrial studies. Major recommendations are to separate the fractions immediately after each centrifugation step, to carefully discard a significant part of the supernatant fractions which is in the direct vicinity to the pellets and, in addition, to perform an extra homogenization step of the post nuclear supernatant fraction.

Frailty indices predict mortality, complications and functional improvements in supratentorial meningioma patients over 80 years of age.

Purpose: To assess whether the Modified 5 (mFI-5) and 11 (mFI-11) Factor Frailty Indices associate with postoperative mortality, complications, and functional benefit in supratentorial meningioma patients aged over 80 years.

Methods: Baseline characteristics were collected from eight centers. Based on the patients' preoperative status and comorbidities, frailty was assessed by the mFI-5 and mFI-11.

Screening and surveillance recommendations for central nervous system hemangioblastomas in pediatric patients with Von Hippel-Lindau disease.

Purpose: Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an autosomal-dominantly inherited tumor predisposition syndrome. One of the most common tumors are central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas. Recommendations on the initiation and continuation of the screening and surveillance program for CNS tumors in pediatric VHL patients are based on small case series and thus low evidence level.

Falcotentorial Meningiomas: Insights from Surgical Strategies and Clinical Outcomes.

: Falcotentorial meningiomas are exceptionally uncommon tumors, presenting a challenge for neurosurgeons due to their close proximity to vital structures. Gross total resection represents the standard of treatment for these tumors. However, care must be taken when surgically approaching these lesions, since damaging neurovascular structures may cause unacceptable morbidity.