Publications by authors named "C Scholtz"

Dung beetles provide a variety of ecosystem services in both natural and farmed landscapes. Amongst these services, reductions in the abundance of the free-living stages of pests and parasites that develop in faeces is considered to be of great importance. There is evidence from Australia that enhanced dung beetle populations can reduce populations of pest fly species, particularly the bush fly, however, there is little empirical evidence for reductions in the incidence and impact of nematode parasitism in grazing ruminants.

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A robust process for the manufacture of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) amodiaquine dihydrochloride dihydrate (ADQ, ), an important antimalarial, is reported. The process consists of a three-step synthetic route that involves a Mannich reaction, substitution with 4,7-dichloroquinoline (4,7-DCQ, ), and rehydration. Additionally, a cost-competitive process for the production of 4,7-DCQ () is also reported wherein 4,7-DCQ () was prepared in four steps from -chloroaniline ().

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Dung removal by macrofauna such as dung beetles is an important process for nutrient cycling in pasturelands. Intensification of farming practices generally reduces species and functional diversity of terrestrial invertebrates, which may negatively affect ecosystem services. Here, we investigate the effects of cattle-grazing intensification on dung removal by dung beetles in field experiments replicated in 38 pastures around the world.

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Domestic policy responses to COVID-19 were remarkably consistent during the early days of the pandemic. What explains this policy convergence? Our formal model suggests that the novel character of COVID-19 produced a period of maximum policy uncertainty, incentivizing political actors to converge on a common set of policies to minimize their exposure to electoral punishment. This convergence is likely to break down as policy feedback produces opinion divergence among experts and the public and as politicians recalculate the costs and benefits of various policy responses and under some conditions facing incentives to adopt extreme policies.

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Culicoides truuskae Labuschagne and Meiswinkel sp. n. is described and illustrated in both sexes from material collected in South Africa and Namibia.

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