Comparison of Iodine Quantification and Conventional Attenuation Measurements for Differentiating Small, Truly Enhancing Renal Masses From High-Attenuation Nonenhancing Renal Lesions With Dual-Energy CT.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether iodine quantification techniques from contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT (DECT) data allow equal differentiation of small enhancing renal masses from high-attenuation (> 20 HU of unenhanced attenuation) nonenhancing lesions, compared with conventional attenuation measurements. A total of 220 nonconsecutive patients (mean [± SD] age, 66 ± 13 years; 130 men and 90 women) with 265 high-attenuation renal lesions (mean attenuation, 54 ± 33 HU; 91 enhancing lesions) were included. Each patient underwent single-energy unenhanced CT followed by DECT during the nephrographic phase using one of four different high-end DECT platforms (first- and second-generation rapid-kilovoltage-switching DECT platforms and second- and third-generation dual-source DECT platforms).

In vivo Assessment of an Endolymphatic Hydrops Gradient Along the Cochlea in Patients With Menière's Disease by Magnetic Resonance Imaging-A Pilot Study.

Objective: To assess three strategies for evaluation and description of potential endolymphatic hydrops (EH) gradients along the cochlea in patients with Menière's disease.

Study Design: Prospective observational study.

Methods: Ten patients with definite Menière's disease revealed by magnetic resonance imaging were included in this prospectively conducted pilot study.

Detectability of Brain Metastases by Using Frequency-Selective Nonlinear Blending in Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography.

Purpose: The aim of this study to evaluate the role of frequency-selective nonlinear blending (FS-NLB) for the detectability of brain metastases with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as standard of reference.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective patient data search at our institution yielded 91 patients who underwent both brain CECT and MRI for screening of brain metastases (n = 173) between 2014 and 2016 (mean time interval, 29 ± 37 [malignant: 15 ± 16/benign: 42 ± 47] days). A recently introduced FS-NLB postprocessing technique was applied to CECT images.

Impact of dual-energy CT post-processing to differentiate venous thrombosis from iodine flux artefacts.

Objectives: To investigate the accuracy of dual-energy (DE) CT-based iodine maps (IM) and noise-optimised monoenergetic extrapolations (MEI+) at 40 keV for the detection and differentiation of venous thrombosis (VT) from iodine flux artefacts (IFA) in comparison to portal-venous phase CT (CT).

Methods: Ninety-nine patients were enrolled in this study. In all patients, VT or IFA was suspected on contrast-enhanced CT and confirmed by follow-up CT or colour-coded ultrasound.