Estimation of glomerular filtration rate from skeletal muscle mass. A new equation independent from age, weight, gender, and ethnicity.

Background And Aims: The most used indicator for the renal function is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Current used predictive GFR equations were calibrated on patients with chronic kidney disease. Thus, they are not very precise in healthy individuals.

Macronutrients in Parenteral Nutrition: Amino Acids.

The right amount and quality of amino acids (AAs) supplied to patients on parenteral nutrition (PN) reduces muscle mass loss, may preserve or even increase it, with significant clinical benefits. Several industrial PN mixtures are available so that nutrition specialists can choose the product closest to the patient's needs. In selected cases, there is the possibility of personalizing compounded mixtures in a hospital pharmacy that completely meets the individual nutritional needs of PN patients.

Essential Amino Acid Profile in Parenteral Nutrition Mixtures: Does It Meet Needs?

Background And Aims: The study compares the essential amino acid (EAA) composition of different parenteral nutrition (PN) mixtures with whey protein EAA profile and the theoretical daily EAA requirements (set by WHO/FAO/UNU or IAAO method). According to the individual EAA profile, the potential effect of several PN mixtures was evaluated on the skeletal muscle mass (SMM) of patients on home PN.

Methods: Eight AA solutions and fifteen complete PN mixtures were considered.

Time trend prevalence of artificial nutrition counselling in a university hospital.

Objectives: The negative effects of malnutrition on the prognosis of hospitalized patients are well documented; however, less known is the awareness and knowledge of health care professionals about this complication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trend of the requests for nutritional consultation in years and the prescription of artificial nutrition (AN), for adult patients at a university hospital in southern Italy in the years 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2016 to assess the progress of medical teams concerning awareness of hospital malnutrition.

Methods: This was a retrospective study that evaluated the time trend of nutritional consultation requests and related prescription of AN, for adult patients at a university hospital in southern Italy in the years 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2016.

Prediction of Renal Acid Load in Adult Patients on Parenteral Nutrition.

Metabolic acidosis and metabolic bone disease are frequent complications in patients on parenteral nutrition (PN). A common contributor to these complications could be a daily high renal acid load. This study aims to find a method for predicting the potential total acid load (PTAL) and the pH of the compounded parenteral nutrition mixtures.