Biomimetic bioreactor for potentiated uricase replacement therapy in hyperuricemia and gout.

Introduction: Uricase replacement therapy is a promising approach for managing hyperuricemia and gout but is hindered by challenges such as short blood circulation time, reduced catalytic activity, and excessive hydrogen peroxide (HO) production. These limitations necessitate innovative strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy and safety.

Methods: We designed and synthesized RBC@SeMSN@Uri, a red blood cell-coated biomimetic self-cascade bioreactor, which encapsulates uricase (Uri) and a selenium-based nano-scavenger (SeMSN) within RBC membranes.

Elafibranor: A promising therapeutic approach for liver fibrosis and gut barrier dysfunction in alcohol-associated liver disease.

This article discusses the recent study written by Koizumi . Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality, which is driven by complex mechanisms, including lipid accumulation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses exacerbated by gut barrier dysfunction. The study explored the therapeutic potential of elafibranor, a dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/delta agonist.

Reproducibility of automatic adipose tissue segmentation using proton density fat fraction images between 1.5 and 3.0 T magnetic resonance.

Background: Deep learning (DL)-based adipose tissue segmentation methods have shown great performance and efficacy for adipose tissue distribution analysis using magnetic resonance (MR) images, an important indicator of metabolic health and disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of whole-body adipose tissue distribution analysis using proton density fat fraction (PDFF) images at different MR strengths.

Methods: A total of 24 volunteers were imaged using both 1.

A streamlined U-Net convolution network for medical image processing.

Background: Image segmentation is crucial in medical diagnosis, helping to identify diseased areas in images for more accurate diagnoses. The U-Net model, a convolutional neural network (CNN) widely used for medical image segmentation, has limitations in extracting global features and handling multi-scale pathological information. This study aims to address these challenges by proposing a novel model that enhances segmentation performance while reducing computational demands.

Potential roles of cigarette smoking on gut microbiota profile among Chinese men.

Background: Cigarette smoking is posited as a potential factor in disrupting the balance of the human gut microbiota. However, existing studies with limited sample size have yielded inconclusive results.

Methods: Here, we assessed the association between cigarette smoking and gut microbial profile among Chinese males from four independent studies (N total = 3308).