Amplifying inequity: The compounding impact of COVID-19 and violence.

While "stay-at-home" orders for COVID-19 were in effect, many American cities witnessed a rise in community and interpersonal violence. Our own institution, the largest regional trauma facility and Boston's safety net hospital, saw a paradoxical rise in penetrating violent trauma admissions despite decreases in other hospital admissions, leading to our most violent summer in five years. It has been established that minoritized and marginalized communities have faced the harshest impacts of the pandemic.

Prevalence and test characteristics of national health safety network ventilator-associated events.

Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to measure the test characteristics of the National Health Safety Network ventilator-associated event/ventilator-associated condition constructs for detecting ventilator-associated pneumonia. Its secondary aims were to report the clinical features of patients with National Health Safety Network ventilator-associated event/ventilator-associated condition, measure costs of surveillance, and its susceptibility to manipulation.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Gene therapy for myocardial angiogenesis: initial clinical results with direct myocardial injection of phVEGF165 as sole therapy for myocardial ischemia.

Background: We initiated a phase 1 clinical study to determine the safety and bioactivity of direct myocardial gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as sole therapy for patients with symptomatic myocardial ischemia.

Methods And Results: VEGF gene transfer (GTx) was performed in 5 patients (all male, ages 53 to 71) who had failed conventional therapy; these men had angina (determined by angiographically documented coronary artery disease). Naked plasmid DNA encoding VEGF (phVEGF165) was injected directly into the ischemic myocardium via a mini left anterior thoracotomy.

Beyond retinal screening: digital imaging in the assessment and follow-up of patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Many screening methods are available for detecting diabetic retinopathy. However, once patients develop retinopathy, it is unclear as to what method should be used for their review. We describe a novel and integrated system for the screening and treatment of diabetic retinopathy using high street optometrists for primary screening and digital imaging as a secondary screening tool, with referral to a joint retinal clinic only where ophthalmological intervention may be required.

Sotalol hydrochloride (Betapace): a new antiarrhythmic drug.

Sotalol hydrochloride (Betapace), recently released by the Food and Drug Administration for general use, is used to treat a variety of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. The drug's dominant action is the result of combined nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonism (Class II effect) and monophasic action potential duration prolongation in all cardiac tissues (Class III effect). It causes less left ventricular depression than propranolol and has a low incidence of toxicity.