Looking to the future: Four key purposes of engineering leadership education.

The concluding article of this engineering leadership (EL) development sourcebook looks to the future of the field by exploring four key purposes of EL education: the pursuit of knowledge, personal growth, professional preparation and social transformation.

Engineering: Moving Leadership From the Periphery to the Core of an Intensely Technical Curriculum.

Engineering is developing extensive leadership education, supporting future professional engineers to engage with others in solving complex sociotechnical problems. A contemporary challenge is to integrate leadership learning into foundational coursework requirements.

Dose reduction effective in alleviating symptoms of saquinavir toxicity.

Gastrointestinal intolerance is a limitation of boosted saquinavir antiretroviral treatment. We present three HIV-infected individuals whose severe toxicity symptoms started directly after initiation of a standard dose saquinavir hard-gel capsule-containing regimen (saquinavir/ritonavir 1000/100 mg). All patients underwent immediate 12 h pharmacokinetic (PK) assessment and showed extraordinarily high saquinavir plasma exposure.

Pharmacokinetics of saquinavir, atazanavir, and ritonavir in a twice-daily boosted double-protease inhibitor regimen.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of atazanavir (ATV), saquinavir (SQV), and ritonavir (RTV) in a boosted double-protease inhibitor (PI) therapy regimen without reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs). The study design was as follows. Patients with limited RTI options received a PI combination of 300/100 mg ATV/RTV once daily and 1,000 mg SQV twice daily (group 1; n=49) without RTI comedication.