Alphaviral backbone of self-amplifying RNA enhances protein expression and immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 antigen.

Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) vectors are a next-generation RNA technology that extends the expression of heterologous genes. Clinical trials have shown the dose-sparing capacity of saRNA vectors in a vaccine context compared with conventional messenger RNA. However, saRNA vectors have historically been based on a limited number of alphaviruses, and only the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based saRNA vaccines have been used clinically.

VEGF-A-mediated venous endothelial cell proliferation results in neoangiogenesis during neuroinflammation.

Newly formed leaky vessels and blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage are present in demyelinating acute and chronic lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the endothelial cell subtypes and signaling pathways contributing to these leaky neovessels are unclear. Here, using single-cell transcriptional profiling and in vivo validation studies, we show that venous endothelial cells express neoangiogenesis gene signatures and show increased proliferation resulting in enlarged veins and higher venous coverage in acute and chronic EAE lesions in female adult mice.

Anesthesia considerations for pediatric metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Childhood obesity is a rapidly growing global health issue, linked to significant lifelong morbidity and mortality. Its impact on various organ systems increases perioperative complications. Obesity treatment in children and adolescents involves lifestyle, dietary, and behavioral modifications, as well as pharmacologic interventions that targets hormonal, metabolic, and neurochemical abnormalities.

Delivery vehicle and route of administration influences self-amplifying RNA biodistribution, expression kinetics, and reactogenicity.

Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) is a next-generation RNA platform derived from an alphavirus that enables replication in host cytosol, offering a promising shift from traditional messenger RNA (mRNA) therapies by enabling sustained protein production from minimal dosages. The approval of saRNA-based vaccines, such as the ARCT-154 for COVID-19 in Japan, underscores its potential for diverse therapeutic applications, including vaccine development, cancer immunotherapy, and gene therapy. This study investigates the role of delivery vehicle and administration route on saRNA expression kinetics and reactogenicity.

Burn-Related Violence Against Women in the United States: Findings From the ABA Burn Registry.

Violence against women is a global public health problem. Centers for Disease Control and Precention (CDC) data show 41% of US women have experienced intimate partner violence. Burn-related violence against women is an extremely confronting form of physical violence.