Frequency of obesity and related risk factors among school children and adolescents in a low-income community. A cross-sectional study.

Context And Objective: The frequency of obesity at an early age may contribute to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. This study measured the frequency of obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years.

Design And Setting: Cross-sectional study in a school located in a region of low income and socioeconomic status in Santa Rita do Sapucai, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

[Risk factors for atherosclerosis in children and adolescents with family history of premature coronary artery disease].

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of dyslipidemia in a group of 109 children and adolescents with a family history of premature coronary artery disease and to investigate the association between dyslipidemia and other risk factors for atherosclerosis.

Methods: Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, body mass index, blood pressure, physical activity, smoking, per capita income and maternal schooling were investigated.

Results: Total cholesterol and LDL-C levels were higher than desirable in 27.

[Magnesium metabolism in chronic primary hypomagnesemia].

OBJECTIVES: To report three cases of primary hypomagnesemia (PH) with secondary hypocalcemia in symptomatic infants, born to consanguineous parents, and to present Mg metabolic studies.METHODS: Classic metabolic balances of Mg were performed during three consecutive days, using carmin as fecal marker, with and without Mg supplementation.RESULTS: The patients (one male) presented, between 15 and 28 days old, with convulsions and persistent hypocalcemias, which could not be controlled with anticonvulsivants and/or intravenous calcium gluconate.

Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in children with celiac disease: response to treatment.

Objectives: T-cell mediated immune response to dietary gluten and cytokines release are important for the enteropathy seen in celiac disease. We investigated the serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in celiac children before and after gluten exclusion.

Methods: Cytokine levels were determined using enzyme immunoassay in serum from 12 untreated celiac patients, 16 treated celiac patients on a gluten-free diet for at least two years, and from 26 control children.