Discordance between endoscopic and histopathologic assessment in ileal Crohn's disease.

Background: Discordance between endoscopic and histologic assessments in Crohn's disease (CD) have been observed, however the prevalence and cause are unclear.

Aim: To assess if a protocolized approach to biopsy collection facilitates understanding of this discordance in patients with ileal CD.

Methods: Patients with known ileal CD underwent colonoscopy with endoscopic disease activity assessment.

Host microRNA-31-5p represses oncogenic herpesvirus lytic reactivation by restricting the RNA-binding protein KHDRBS3-mediated viral gene expression.

Oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), an etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma, employs a biphasic life cycle consisting of latency and lytic replication to achieve lifelong infection. Despite its essential role in KSHV persistence and tumorigenicity, much remains unknown about how KSHV lytic reactivation is regulated. Leveraging high-throughput transcriptomics, we identify microRNA-31-5p (miR-31-5p) as a key regulator of KSHV lytic reactivation capable of restricting KSHV entry into the lytic replication cycle.

Molecular Processes That Control Organic Electrosynthesis in Near-Electrode Microenvironments.

Electrosynthesis at an industrial scale offers an opportunity to use renewable electricity in chemical manufacturing, accelerating the decarbonization of large-scale chemical processes. Organic electrosynthesis can improve product selectivity, reduce reaction steps, and minimize waste byproducts. Electrochemical synthesis of adiponitrile (ADN) via hydrodimerization of acrylonitrile (AN) is a prominent example of industrial organic electrochemical processes, with annual production reaching 0.

Equipmentless point-of-care testing of dengue antibodies using ELISA and smartphones.

Infections with the dengue virus affect more than 100 million people every year. The infected can present a mild form of the disease or a severe form, which can, eventually, lead to death. Dengue prevails in tropical and subtropical regions, although increased incidence has been observed in the last years in tempered climates.