Azadirachtin disrupts ecdysone signaling and alters sand fly immunity.

Background: Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected vector-borne diseases transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. Leishmania parasites must overcome various defenses in the sand fly midgut, including the insects's immune response. Insect immunity is regulated by the ecdysone hormone, which binds to its nuclear receptor (EcR) and activates the transcription of genes involved in insect immunity.

Exploring transparency: A comparative analysis of explainable artificial intelligence techniques in retinography images to support the diagnosis of glaucoma.

Machine learning models are widely applied across diverse fields, including nearly all segments of human activity. In healthcare, artificial intelligence techniques have revolutionized disease diagnosis, particularly in image classification. Although these models have achieved significant results, their lack of explainability has limited widespread adoption in clinical practice.

Interactions of the emerging fungus with reveal phenotypic changes with direct implications on the response to stress and virulence.

Unlabelled: is an emerging fungal pathogen notable for its resistance to multiple antifungals and ability to survive in various environments. Understanding the interactions between and environmental protozoa, such as could provide insights into fungal adaptability and pathogenicity. Two isolates (MMC1 and MMC2) were co-cultured with to examine interaction dynamics, survival, stress responses, growth, virulence, biofilm formation, and antifungal susceptibility.

Long-term co-circulation of multiple arboviruses in southeast Australia revealed by xeno-monitoring and viral whole-genome sequencing.

Arbovirus surveillance of wild-caught mosquitoes is an affordable and sensitive means of monitoring virus transmission dynamics at various spatial-temporal scales, and emergence and re-emergence during epidemic and interepidemic periods. A variety of molecular diagnostics for arbovirus screening of mosquitoes (known as xeno-monitoring) are available, but most provide limited information about virus diversity. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based screening coupled with RNA sequencing is an increasingly affordable and sensitive pipeline for integrating complete viral genome sequencing into surveillance programs.

Resting ECG findings in male Brazilian soccer players of different ethnicities: Results from the B-Pro Foot ECG study.

Objectives: To compare the prevalence of training-related ECG findings in white, mixed-race, and black male Brazilian soccer players.

Design: Multicenter observational study.

Methods: This study involved athletes aged 15 to 35 years from 82 professional clubs across Brazil's five regions.