Adjuvant strategies to tackle -mediated polymyxin resistance.

The emergence of the () gene is a demonstrable threat contributing to the worldwide antibiotic resistance crisis. The gene is encoded on plasmids and can easily spread between different bacterial strains. encodes a phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) transferase, which catalyses the transfer of the pEtN moiety from phosphatidylethanolamine to lipid A, the head group of lipopolysaccharides (LPS).

High-ambition climate action in all sectors can achieve a 65% greenhouse gas emissions reduction in the United States by 2035.

Under the next cycle of target setting under the Paris Agreement, countries will be updating and submitting new nationally determined contributions (NDCs) over the coming year. To this end, there is a growing need for the United States to assess potential pathways toward a new, maximally ambitious 2035 NDC. In this study, we use an integrated assessment model with state-level detail to model existing policies from both federal and non-federal actors, including the Inflation Reduction Act, Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, and key state policies, across all sectors and gases.

Determining an Appropriate Sample Size for Qualitative Interviews to Achieve True and Near Code Saturation: Secondary Analysis of Data.

Background: In-depth interviews are a common method of qualitative data collection, providing rich data on individuals' perceptions and behaviors that would be challenging to collect with quantitative methods. Researchers typically need to decide on sample size a priori. Although studies have assessed when saturation has been achieved, there is no agreement on the minimum number of interviews needed to achieve saturation.

Discovery of a Novel Pseudo-Natural Product Aurora Kinase Inhibitor Chemotype through Morphological Profiling.

The pseudo-natural product (pseudo-NP) concept aims to combine NP fragments in arrangements that are not accessible through known biosynthetic pathways. The resulting compounds retain the biological relevance of NPs but are not yet linked to bioactivities and may therefore be best evaluated by unbiased screening methods resulting in the identification of unexpected or unprecedented bioactivities. Herein, various NP fragments are combined with a tricyclic core connectivity via interrupted Fischer indole and indole dearomatization reactions to provide a collection of highly three-dimensional pseudo-NPs.

Poly-γ-glutamylation of biomolecules.

Poly-γ-glutamate tails are a distinctive feature of archaeal, bacterial, and eukaryotic cofactors, including the folates and F. Despite decades of research, key mechanistic questions remain as to how enzymes successively add glutamates to poly-γ-glutamate chains while maintaining cofactor specificity. Here, we show how poly-γ-glutamylation of folate and F by folylpolyglutamate synthases and γ-glutamyl ligases, non-homologous enzymes, occurs via processive addition of L-glutamate onto growing γ-glutamyl chain termini.