Cluster of Legionellosis Cases Associated with Manufacturing Process, South Carolina, USA, 2022.

Evolving technology and the development of new devices that can aerosolize water present a risk for new sources of Legionella bacteria growth and spread within industrial settings. We investigated a cluster of legionellosis among employees of a manufacturing facility in South Carolina, USA, and found 2 unique equipment sources of Legionella bacteria. The cluster of cases took place during August-November 2022; a total of 34 cases of legionellosis, including 15 hospitalizations and 2 deaths, were reported.

A specific gene expression program underlies antigen archiving by lymphatic endothelial cells in mammalian lymph nodes.

Lymph node (LN) lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) actively acquire and archive foreign antigens. Here, we address questions of how LECs achieve durable antigen archiving and whether LECs with high levels of antigen express unique transcriptional programs. We used single cell sequencing in dissociated LN tissue and spatial transcriptomics to quantify antigen levels in LEC subsets and dendritic cell populations at multiple time points after immunization and determined that ceiling and floor LECs archive antigen for the longest duration.

Comparison between Duke, ESC-2015, ISCVID-2023 and ESC-2023 criteria for the diagnosis of TAVR-related infective endocarditis.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement-related infective endocarditis (TAVR-IE) is associated with a poor prognosis. TAVR-IE diagnosis is challenging, and benefits of the most recent classifications (ESC-2015, ISCVID-2023 and ESC-2023) have not been compared with the conventional Duke criteria on this population.

Objectives: The primary objective was to compare the diagnostic value of the Duke, ESC-2015, ISCVID-2023, and ESC-2023 criteria for the diagnosis of TAVR-IE.

Update of French migraine epidemiology: A narrative review.

This narrative review concerned the studies performed on representative samples of the French general population carried out over more than thirty years and aims to provide an update on the French migraine epidemiology. Eleven studies were selected (GRIM-1, MIG-ACCESS, GRIM-2, FRAMIG-2000, FRAMIG-3, GRIM-3, EUROLIGHT, IBMS, SNDS PACA/CORSICA, EGB FRANCE, CaMEO-I). The data extracted relates to four healings: prevalence and distribution, individual burden, recognition and care and societal burden.

A flexible and scalable synthesis of 4'-thionucleosides.

4'-Thionucleosides (thNAs) are synthetic nucleoside analogues that have attracted attention as leads for drug discovery in oncology and virology. Here we report a thNA synthesis that relies on a scalable α-fluorination and aldol reaction of α-heteroaryl acetaldehydes followed by a streamlined process involving carbonyl reduction, mesylate formation and a double displacement reaction using NaSH. We demonstrate the multigram preparation of 4'-thio-5-methyluridine and highlight the production of purine and pyrimidine thNAs as well as C2'-modified thNAs.