Electrochemistry and Gold Catalysis: Unusual Allies in Redox Mediated Organic Reactions.

Devising advanced protocols to avoid harsh oxidants is of paramount interest in gold catalyzed redox reactions. To address this issue, electrochemical oxidation of precatalytic Au complexes to catalytically active Au in situ species has started to emerge as a potential alternative. Such endeavours not only unlocked the possibility of direct anodic oxidation of Au to Au, but also enables stepwise oxidation of Au to Au to Au through the mediation of electro-generated organic radicals.

Redox dynamics and surface structures of an active palladium catalyst during methane oxidation.

Catalysts based on palladium are among the most effective in the complete oxidation of methane. Despite extensive studies and notable advances, the nature of their catalytically active species and conceivable structural dynamics remains only partially understood. Here, we combine operando transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the active state and catalytic function of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) under methane oxidation conditions.

Multimodal hybrid convolutional neural network based brain tumor grade classification.

An abnormal growth or fatty mass of cells in the brain is called a tumor. They can be either healthy (normal) or become cancerous, depending on the structure of their cells. This can result in increased pressure within the cranium, potentially causing damage to the brain or even death.

Clinical Equivalence of Trubond® and Ethibond® Braided Polyester Sutures for Valvular Prosthesis Fixation During Aortic or Mitral Valve Replacement: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background Paravalvular leak (PVL) following valve replacement is a serious cardiovascular complication that increases morbidity and mortality. Valve replacement with the interrupted suture technique using polyester suture provides adequate tensile strength and reduces the probability of tissue reaction. This study compared the clinical equivalence of Trubond®(Healthium) and Ethibond® (Ethicon, Johnson & Johnson) braided polyester sutures for valvular prosthesis fixation using interrupted suturing, with respect to the proportion of subjects having PVL after aortic valve (AV) or mitral valve (MV) replacement.

Homogeneous Gold Catalysis for Regioselective Carbocyclization of Alkynyl Precursors.

π-Activation of alkynyl precursors possessing an endogenous carbon nucleophile is one of the imperative topics in homogeneous gold catalysis as it offers Csp -Csp and Csp -Csp linked carbocycles. However, the exo-dig and endo-dig cyclization modes unlocks the possibility of both small and large rings respectively, thereby losing regioselectivity. Nevertheless, several gold-catalyzed carbocyclizations which permits one isomer by controlling or avoiding the formation of other went largely unnoticed.