Artificial intelligence (AI) for paediatric fracture detection: a multireader multicase (MRMC) study protocol.

Introduction: Paediatric fractures are common but can be easily missed on radiography leading to potentially serious implications including long-term pain, disability and missed opportunities for safeguarding in cases of inflicted injury. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools to assist fracture detection in adult patients exist, although their efficacy in children is less well known. This study aims to evaluate whether a commercially available AI tool (certified for paediatric use) improves healthcare professionals (HCPs) detection of fractures, and how this may impact patient care in a retrospective simulated study design.

Transovarial transmission of Yersinia pestis in its flea vector Xenopsylla cheopis.

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is endemic in certain regions due to a stable transmission cycle between rodents and their associated fleas. In addition, fleas are believed to serve as reservoirs that can occasionally cause enzootic plague cycles and explosive epizootic outbreaks that increase human exposure. However, transmission by fleas is inefficient and associated with a shortened lifespan of the flea and rodent hosts, indicating that there remain significant gaps in our understanding of the vector-animal cycle of Y.

Synthesis of versatile neuromodulatory molecules by a gut microbial glutamate decarboxylase.

Dysbiosis of the microbiome correlates with many neurological disorders, yet very little is known about the chemistry that controls the production of neuromodulatory molecules by gut microbes. Here, we found that an enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) of a gut microbe forms multiple neuromodulatory molecules such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), hypotaurine, taurine, homotaurine, and β-alanine. We evolved GAD and doubled its taurine productivity.

"How I would like AI used for my imaging": children and young persons' perspectives.

Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are becoming more available in modern healthcare, particularly in radiology, although less attention has been paid to applications for children and young people. In the development of these, it is critical their views are heard.

Materials And Methods: A national, online survey was publicised to UK schools, universities and charity partners encouraging any child or young adult to participate.

Commercially available artificial intelligence tools for fracture detection: the evidence.

Missed fractures are a costly healthcare issue, not only negatively impacting patient lives, leading to potential long-term disability and time off work, but also responsible for high medicolegal disbursements that could otherwise be used to improve other healthcare services. When fractures are overlooked in children, they are particularly concerning as opportunities for safeguarding may be missed. Assistance from artificial intelligence (AI) in interpreting medical images may offer a possible solution for improving patient care, and several commercial AI tools are now available for radiology workflow implementation.