Insulin and insulin-like growth factor and risk of postmenopausal estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: a case-cohort analysis.

Background: Higher concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) increases postmenopausal breast cancer risk, but evidence for insulin and c-peptide is limited. Further, not all studies have accounted for potential confounding by biomarkers from other biological pathways, and not all were restricted to estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer.

Methods: This was a case-cohort study of 1,223 postmenopausal women (347 with ER-positive breast cancer) from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study.

The Valemee Visual System Helps Reduce Risk for Chronic Illness by Promoting Physical Fitness, Self-Efficacy and Independence in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities.

Introduction: Sedentary behaviour among individuals with intellectual disabilities, driven by barriers such as limited access to adapted programs and low self-efficacy, contributes to chronic health conditions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Valemee Visual System (VVS), a novel tool offering visual support and structured exercise programming, in improving physical fitness and promoting exercise independence in this population.

Methods: A repeated measures design was employed with an 8-week intervention involving 22 participants aged 22-44 with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities.

Racial and Ethnic Trends in Cesarean Delivery on Maternal Request.

Objective: To evaluate race and ethnicity differences in rates of cesarean delivery on maternal request (CDMR) in nulliparous, term, singleton, vertex presentation (NTSV) cesarean deliveries.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of NTSV cesarean deliveries within our institution from 2016 to 2020. The primary outcome was CDMR and the primary predictor was maternal race and ethnicity.

Diagnostic performance of axial T2-weighted MRI sequence for exclusion of brain tumour in paediatric patients with non-localizing symptoms.

Objective: To establish diagnostic performance of a single axial T2-weighted sequence for detection of brain tumours in children with non-localizing symptoms, compared to a standard MRI protocol.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of children undergoing MRI brain imaging for suspected brain tumours with non-localizing symptoms over a 3-year period. Axial T2-weighted images were blindly reviewed by 2 experienced paediatric neuroradiologists.

Enhancing Rigor, Quality, and Patient Engagement in Qualitative Research: A Step-By-Step Guide to Applying Reflexive Thematic Analysis to the Experience-Based Co-Design Methodology.

Experience-based co-design (EBCD) is a qualitative form of participatory action research supported by a toolkit providing guidance and recommendations. The toolkit is intentionally non-prescriptive, allowing EBCD practitioners the freedom to flex the approach to cater to the needs of their specific populations and contexts. For less experienced researchers, the lack of specificity can be a challenge when navigating activities such as data analysis, particularly as wider literature provides limited insights to methods, processes, methodological critique, and lessons learned.