Patterns of understory invasion in invasive timber stands of a tropical sky island.

Current climate and land cover change threaten global mountaintops with increased spread of invasive species. Long-established plantations of invasive trees on these mountaintops can alter their surroundings, further increasing invader-facilitated invasion. Identifying the ecological conditions promoting such associations can help develop better management interventions.

Evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and optic nerve head morphological parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and comparison with normal population.

Purpose: To compare the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), and optic nerve head (ONH) morphological parameters between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and age-matched controls using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: This case control study was conducted in a multi-specialty tertiary care hospital from 2014 to 2016. Patients diagnosed to have OSA by overnight polysomnography were included in the study.