TracMyAir smartphone application for modeling exposures to PM and ozone - Integration with air quality networks and location-activity sensors.

Epidemiologic studies of ambient fine particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O) often use outdoor concentrations from central-site monitors or air quality model estimates as exposure surrogates, which can result in exposure errors. We previously developed an exposure model called TracMyAir, which is an iPhone application that determines seven tiers of individual-level exposure metrics for ambient PM and O using outdoor concentrations, home building characteristics, weather, time-activities. The exposure metrics with increasing information needs and complexity include: outdoor concentration (C, Tier 1), building infiltration factor (F, Tier 2), indoor concentration (C, Tier 3), time spent in microenvironments (ME) (T, Tier 4), personal exposure factor (F, Tier 5), exposure (E, Tier 6), and inhaled dose (D, Tier 7).

Underrepresentation of Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma in Clinical Trials for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Background: Although chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) are the same biologic disease entity and warrant identical treatment approaches, patients with SLL have frequently been excluded from clinical trials in CLL.

Methods: This study assessed the representation of patients with SLL among Phase II or III clinical trials cited in the 2024 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) treatment guidelines.

Results: Patients with SLL were explicitly eligible for only 21 (38%) of the 56 clinical trials for CLL, comprising 222 (6%) of the 3440 enrolled patients.

Oxidative stress promotes lipid-laden macrophage formation via CYP1B1.

Emerging evidence suggests that lipid-laden macrophages (LLM) participate in lung damage in various clinical conditions. However, the mechanisms involved in LLM formation are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the link between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and LLM formation.

Patient and practitioner perceptions around use of artificial intelligence within the English NHS diabetic eye screening programme.

Aims: Automated retinal image analysis using Artificial Intelligence (AI) can detect diabetic retinopathy as accurately as human graders, but it is not yet licensed in the NHS Diabetic Eye Screening Programme (DESP) in England. This study aims to assess perceptions of People Living with Diabetes (PLD) and Healthcare Practitioners (HCP) towards AI's introduction in DESP.

Methods: Two online surveys were co-developed with PLD and HCP from a diverse DESP in North East London.

An expert consensus statement on biomarkers of ageing for use in intervention studies.

Biomarkers of ageing serve as important outcome measures in longevity-promoting interventions. However, there is limited consensus on which specific biomarkers are most appropriate for human intervention studies. This work aimed to address this need by establishing an expert consensus on biomarkers of ageing for use in intervention studies via the Delphi method.