The roles of racial discrimination and sleep in the cognitive functioning of racial and ethnic minority youth.

Objectives: Research suggests that chronic stress reduces cognitive functioning; however, studies examining this relationship for race-related stress, such as racial discrimination, are limited and primarily focus on older adults. Moreover, considering the importance of sleep when coping with stress, it is possible that sleep buffers the effect of racial discrimination on cognitive functioning. The present study examined the role of sleep duration and quality in the relationship between racial discrimination and cognitive functioning in early adolescence.

The Oxylipin Dependent Quorum Sensing System enhances Pseudomonas aeruginosa dissemination during burn-associated infection.

Following severe burn injury, is the leading cause of life-threatening infection. Herein, we unveil how strategically employs host-derived oleic acid, released as consequence of burn-injury, to induce a hypervirulent phenotype via its Oxylipin Dependent Quorum Sensing system (ODS). ODS activation enhanced invasion of burned skin and promoted its dissemination to distant organs in vivo.

Streamlining marker-less allelic replacement in through a single transformation step strategy: easyJanus.

Unlabelled: The ability to genetically manipulate bacteria is a staple of modern molecular microbiology. Since the 2000s, marker-less mutants of () have been made by allelic exchange predominantly using the cassette known as "Janus." The conventional Janus protocol involves two transformation steps using multiple PCR-assembled products containing the Janus cassette and the target gene's flanking DNA.

Chronic TNF exposure induces glucocorticoid-like immunosuppression in the alveolar macrophages of aged mice that enhances their susceptibility to pneumonia.

Chronic low-grade inflammation, particularly elevated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels, occurs due to advanced age and is associated with greater susceptibility to infection. One reason for this is age-dependent macrophage dysfunction (ADMD). Herein, we use the adoptive transfer of alveolar macrophages (AM) from aged mice into the airway of young mice to show that inherent age-related defects in AM were sufficient to increase the susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae, a Gram-positive bacterium and the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia.