Can real-time polymerase chain reaction allow a faster recovery of hospital activity in cases of an incidental discovery of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci carriers?

Background: Detection of faecal carriers of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) has become a routine medical practice in many countries. In an outbreak setting, several public health organizations recommend three-weekly rectal screenings to rule-out acquisition in contact patients. This strategy, associated with bed closures and reduction of medical activity for a relatively long time, seems costly.

Impact of intensive care unit relocation and role of tap water on an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa expressing OprD-mediated resistance to imipenem.

Background: To assess the impact of the incidental relocation of an intensive care unit (ICU) on the risk of colonizations/infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibiting OprD-mediated resistance to imipenem (PA-OprD).

Aim: The primary aim was to compare the proportion of PA-OprD among P. aeruginosa samples before and after an incidental relocation of the ICU.

Risk factors for acquisition of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumonia among contact patients: a multicentre study.

Background: Cohorting carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) carriers during hospitalization limits in-hospital spreading.

Aim: To identify risk factors for CPE acquisition among contacts of an index patient in non-cohorted populations.

Methods: A multicentre retrospective matched case-control study was conducted in five hospitals.

[Fatal Panton-Valentine leukocidine-associated Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia].

Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia is an unusual cause of community-acquired pneumonia associated with a high fatality rate. The specificities of its presentation must be known by the critical care doctor, in order to quickly make the diagnosis and start the right antibiotics and discuss adjunctive therapy with intravenous immunoglobin. Moreover, the management of close contacts (household and healthcare workers) of patient with such a pneumonia is not well-known.

Introduction of highly resistant bacteria into a hospital via patients repatriated or recently hospitalized in a foreign country.

We describe the prevalence of carriage and variables associated with introduction of highly drug-resistant microorganisms (HDRMO) into a French hospital via patients repatriated or recently hospitalized in a foreign country. The prevalence of HDRMO was 11% (15/132), with nine carbapenamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, nine carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and six glycopeptide-resistant enterococci. Half of the admitted patients (63/132, 48%) were colonized with extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLPE).