Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Stroke Imaging: Technical and Clinical Considerations of Virtual Noncontrast Images for Detection of the Hyperdense Artery Sign.

Objective: The technical feasibility of virtual noncontrast (VNC) images from dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) for the detection of the hyperdense artery sign (HAS) in ischemic stroke patients was investigated.

Methods: True noncontrast (TNC) scans of 60 patients either with or without HAS (n = 30 each) were investigated. Clot presence and characteristics were assessed on VNC images from DECT angiography and compared with TNC images.

Generation of neuronal progenitor cells in response to tumors in the human brain.

Data from transgenic mouse models show that neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) migrate toward experimental brain tumors and modulate the course of pathology. However, the pathways whereby NPCs are attracted to CNS neoplasms are not fully understood and it is unexplored if NPCs migrate toward brain tumors (high-grade astrocytomas) in humans. We analyzed the tumor-parenchyma interface of neurosurgical resections for the presence of (NPCs) and distinguished these physiological cells from the tumor mass.

[Neuroradiological focus on stroke imaging].

Stroke is heterogenous in its symptoms, which are also caused by various pathologies. Clinically the causing mechanism (bleeding or ischemia) of a new onset of neurological deficits can not reliably be distinguished. However, ischemia is four times more frequent than a bleeding causing neurological symptoms.

Spinal imaging in intracranial primary pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma with anaplastic features.

We present a patient with an intracranial primary pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) with anaplastic features that recurred repeatedly after surgery. Late in the course, radiological follow-up revealed an unresectable spinal tumor. Very few patients with PXA associated with a spinal tumor have been reported.