Aortic uncrossing of the left circumflex aorta.

The following video tutorial presents the surgical correction of the left circumflex aortic arch in a 6-month-old boy with severe respiratory distress and stridor. The diagnosis was confirmed using cardiac catheterization and computed tomography. Intraoperative bronchoscopy showed marked compression of the trachea.

Cytotoxic T Cell-Derived Granzyme B Is Increased in Severe Malaria.

In malaria, CD8 T cells play a double-edged role. Liver-stage specific CD8 T cells can confer protection, as has been shown in several vaccine studies. Blood-stage specific CD8 T cells, on the other hand, contribute to the development of cerebral malaria in murine models of malaria.

Author Correction: Differential expression pattern of co-inhibitory molecules on CD4 T cells in uncomplicated versus complicated malaria.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Differential expression pattern of co-inhibitory molecules on CD4 T cells in uncomplicated versus complicated malaria.

The immune response of malaria patients is a main factor influencing the clinical severity of malaria. A tight regulation of the CD4 T cell response or the induction of tolerance have been proposed to contribute to protection from severe or clinical disease. We therefore compared the CD4 T cell phenotypes of Ghanaian children with complicated malaria, uncomplicated malaria, asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection or no infection.

Flt3 ligand expands bona fide innate lymphoid cell precursors in vivo.

A common helper-like innate lymphoid precursor (CHILP) restricted to the innate lymphoid cells (ILC) lineage has been recently characterized. While specific requirements of transcription factors for CHILPs development has been partially described, their ability to sense cytokines and react to peripheral inflammation remains unaddressed. Here, we found that systemic increase in Flt3L levels correlated with the expansion of Lineage (Lin)α4β7 precursors in the adult murine bone marrow.